1713

1713 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1713; MDCCXIII
Ab urbe condita	2466
Armenian calendar	1162; ԹՎ ՌՃԿԲ
Assyrian calendar	6463
Balinese saka calendar	1634–1635
Bengali calendar	1120
Berber calendar	2663
British Regnal year	11 Ann. 1 – 12 Ann. 1
Buddhist calendar	2257
Burmese calendar	1075
Byzantine calendar	7221–7222
Chinese calendar	壬辰年 (Water Dragon); 4410 or 4203; — to —; 癸巳年 (Water Snake); 4411 or 4204
Coptic calendar	1429–1430
Discordian calendar	2879
Ethiopian calendar	1705–1706
Hebrew calendar	5473–5474
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1769–1770
- Shaka Samvat	1634–1635
- Kali Yuga	4813–4814
Holocene calendar	11713
Igbo calendar	713–714
Iranian calendar	1091–1092
Islamic calendar	1124–1125
Japanese calendar	Shōtoku 3; (正徳３年)
Javanese calendar	1636–1637
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar	4046
Minguo calendar	199 before ROC; 民前199年
Nanakshahi calendar	245
Thai solar calendar	2255–2256
Tibetan calendar	阳水龙年; (male Water-Dragon); 1839 or 1458 or 686; — to —; 阴水蛇年; (female Water-Snake); 1840 or 1459 or 687

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	17th century; 18th century ; 19th century;
Decades:	1690s; 1700s; 1710s ; 1720s; 1730s;
Years:	1710; 1711; 1712; 1713 ; 1714; 1715; 1716;

1713 (MDCCXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1713th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 713th year of the 2nd millennium, the 13th year of the 18th century, and the 4th year of the 1710s decade. As of the start of 1713, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January–March

January 17 – Tuscarora War: Colonel James Moore leads the Carolina militia out of Albemarle County, North Carolina, in a second offensive against the Tuscarora. Heavy snows force the troops to take refuge in Fort Reading, on the Pamlico River.
February 1 – Skirmish at Bender, Moldova: Charles XII of Sweden is defeated by the Ottoman Empire.
February 4 – Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia under Colonel James Moore leaves Fort Reading, to continue the campaign against the Tuscarora.
February 25 – Frederick William I of Prussia begins his reign.
March 1 – Tuscarora War: Colonel James Moore's Carolina militia lays siege to the Tuscaroran stronghold of Fort Neoheroka, located a few miles up Contentnea Creek from Fort Hancock.
March 20 – Tuscarora War: Colonel James Moore's Carolina militia launches a major offensive against Fort Neoheroka.
March 23 – Tuscarora War: Fort Neoheroka falls to the Carolina militia, effectively ending the Tuscarora nation's military strength. Two Tuscaroran allies, the Machapunga and Coree tribes, continue offensive actions against North Carolina.
March 27 – First Treaty of Utrecht between Great Britain and Spain: Philip V is accepted by Britain and Austria as king of Spain; Spain cedes Gibraltar and Menorca to Britain.^[1]^[2]

April–June

April 11 – The Second Treaty of Utrecht between Great Britain and France ends the War of the Spanish Succession.^[3] France cedes Newfoundland, Acadia, Hudson Bay and St Kitts to Great Britain.^[1]
April 14 – First performance, in London, of Joseph Addison's libertarian play Cato, a Tragedy, which will be influential on both sides of the Atlantic.^[4]
April 19 – With no living male heirs, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713, to ensure one of his daughters will inherit the Habsburg lands.
May 1 – As part of the Treaty of Utrecht, the Spanish Crown agrees the Asiento de Negros with Anne, Queen of Great Britain, granting a subsidiary of the British South Sea Company, the Real Asiento de Inglaterra, a 30-year monopoly in the supply of African slaves to colonial Spanish America.^[5]
May 2 – In the Great Northern War, a fleet of the Russian Navy, transporting 12,000 soldiers, sails from Kronstadt to attack the Swedish Army at Helsinki.
May 6 – The Parliament of Ireland is dissolved by Queen Anne and new elections are set.
May 13 – King Philip V of Spain issues an auto accordado that changes the order of succession for the Spanish throne allowing a female descendant within the House of Bourbon to rule. The change will allow his great-great-granddaughter to ascend the throne in 1833 as Queen Isabella II.
May 17 – Ottone in villa, the first opera by composer Antonio Vivaldi, is given its initial performance, debuting at the Teatro delle Grazie in Vicenza
May 21 – Great Northern War: The Russian fleet lands a force of 10,000 men at Pernå on the southern coast of Finland.
June 1 (approx.) – Tuscarora War: Colonel James Moore leads the Carolina militia into the Pamlico Peninsula to defeat the Machapunga and Coree tribes.
June 23 – French residents of Acadia are given one year to declare allegiance to Great Britain, or leave Nova Scotia.

July–September

July 9 – The Junta de Braços (parliament) of the Principality of Catalonia votes in favour of staying in the War of the Spanish Succession against Philip V of Spain. Army of Catalonia raised.
July 13 – The Treaty of Portsmouth brings an end to Queen Anne's War.
August 8 – The Parliament of Great Britain, third since the Act of Union, is dissolved
August 22 – Voting begins in the 1713 British general election in various constituencies and continues to November 12
September 1 – Tuscarora War: The Carolina militia, led by Colonel James Moore, returns to South Carolina, after mixed success in the campaign against the Machapunga and Coree tribes.

October–December

October 6 – The Treaty of Schwedt is signed between Russia and Brandenburg-Prussia, with the latter accepting the annexation of Baltic territories and paying Russia expenses in return for the southern part of Pomerania, recently taken from Sweden in the Great Northern War.
October 17 – The Battle of Pälkäne is fought in what is now Finland between Russia and Sweden, with Russia's Fyodor Arpaskin forcing Finnish troops under Carl Gustaf Armfeldt to withdraw.
November 6 – The Dublin election riot breaks out during the fiercely contested Irish General Election.^[6]
November 12 – The 1713 British general election concludes with the conservative Tories winning 358 of the 558 available seats in the House of Commons, and the liberal Whigs having 200.
December 9 – As part of the agreements made at Utrecht to end the War of the Spanish Succession, Great Britain and Spain sign a treaty of commerce and navigation.^[7]
December 10 – The rebellion of Richard Raworth, Deputy Governor of Fort St. David (now abandoned and in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu near Cuddalore), against the British East India Company comes to an end after two months when forces sent by Bridish Madras Governor Edward Harrison to negotiate a settlement allowing Raworth to surrender in return for amnesty.
December 21 – Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy is crowned King of Sicily at Palermo, and his wife Anne Marie is crowned as Queen consort.^[8] The coronation follows Spain's recognition of Sicilian independence, effective September 22, as part of the Treaty of Utrecht.

Date unknown

Ars Conjectandi, a seminal work on probability by Jacob Bernoulli, is published eight years after his death, by his nephew, Niklaus Bernoulli.
Basil Matthew II becomes Syriac Orthodox Maphrian of the East.^[9]
San Basilio de Palenque officially becomes the first free African town in America, being the first independent place in America from Europeans.^[10]^[11]

Births

January

January 1 – Carl Gustaf Warmholtz, Swedish writer (d. 1785)
January 2 – Marie Dumesnil, French actress (d. 1803)
January 5 – Jorge Juan y Santacilia, Spanish mathematician and naval officer (d. 1773)
January 7 – Giovanni Battista Locatelli, Italian impresario and librettist (d. 1785)
January 13 – Charlotte Charke, British actor and writer (d. 1760)
January 17 – Jean Chrétien Fischer, French general (d. 1762)
January 18 – Grigory Spiridov, Russian admiral (d. 1790)
January 22 – Marc-Antoine Laugier, French Jesuit priest and architectural theorist (d. 1769)
January 25 – Gang Se-hwang, Joseon Dynasty painter (d. 1791)
January 29 – Edmé-François Mallet, French writer (d. 1755)
January 31
- Anthony Benezet, French-born American abolitionist and educator (d. 1784)
- Adam Drummond, Scottish merchant banker and politician (d. 1786)

February

February 2 – Maria Margarida de Lorena, 2nd Duchess of Abrantes, Portuguese noblewoman and courtier (d. 1780)
February 5 – Edwin Lascelles, 1st Baron Harewood, British Baron (d. 1795)
February 7 – Sir Henry Moore, 1st Baronet, Governor of Jamaica and New York (d. 1769)
February 11 – Diane Adélaïde de Mailly-Nesle, Mistress of Louis XV (d. 1769)
February 12 – Kenrick Clayton, British politician (d. 1769)
February 13 – Domènec Terradellas, Spanish opera composer (d. 1751)
February 14
- Jan ten Compe, painter from the Northern Netherlands (d. 1761)
- Vittoria Ligari, Italian painter (d. 1783)
February 20 – Anna Maria Elvia, Swedish feminist writer (d. 1784)
February 26 – Pyotr Sheremetev, Russian noble (d. 1788)
February 28 – Louis-Auguste-Augustin d'Affry, French diplomat (d. 1793)

March

March 2 – Giammaria Ortes, Italian composer and academic (d. 1790)
March 5
- Edward Cornwallis, British military officer, first Governor of Nova Scotia (d. 1776)
- Frederick Cornwallis, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1783)
March 8 – Gian Carlo Passeroni, Italian writer (d. 1803)
March 9 – Daniel Fones, American military commander (d. 1790)
March 12 – Johann Adolph Hass, German clavichord maker (d. 1771)
March 15 – Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille, French astronomer (d. 1762)
March 17 – Sir Charles Asgill, 1st Baronet, British politician (d. 1788)
March 21 – Francis Lewis, Signatory of the US Declaration of Independence, from Wales (d. 1803)
March 23 – Bowen Southwell, Irish politician (d. 1796)
March 26 – Peter Oliver, Massachusetts loyalist colonial judge (d. 1791)
March 28 – Juan Nentvig, German anthropologist (d. 1768)
March 29 – John Ponsonby, Irish politician (d. 1787)

April

April 2 – Pier Francesco Foggini, Italian writer (d. 1783)
April 3 – William Inglis, Scottish surgeon (d. 1792)
April 7 – Nicola Sala, Italian opera composer and music theorist (d. 1801)
April 10 – John Whitehurst, English clockmaker (d. 1788)
April 11 – Luise Gottsched, German poet, playwright, essayist and translator (d. 1762)
April 12
- Sir Edward Crofton, 4th Baronet, Anglo-Irish politician (d. 1745)
- Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, French writer, man of letters (d. 1796)
April 13 – Pierre Jélyotte, French operatic tenor (d. 1797)
April 17 – Samuel Graves, British Royal Navy admiral (d. 1787)
April 21
- Anna Maria Hilfeling, Swedish artist (d. 1783)
- Louis de Noailles, French peer and Marshal of France (d. 1793)
April 22
- Brita Sophia De la Gardie, Swedish actress (d. 1797)
- Peter Du Cane Sr., British businessman (d. 1803)

May

May 6 – Charles Batteux, French philosopher, writer on aesthetics (d. 1780)
May 7 – Charles Townley, British Officer of Arms (d. 1774)
May 11 – James Drummond, 3rd Duke of Perth, Scottish Jacobite army officer (d. 1746)
May 13
- Alexis Clairaut, French mathematician, astronomer, and geophysicist (d. 1765)
- Louis François de Monteynard, French soldier, statesman (d. 1791)
May 15
- József Károly Hell, Hungarian mining engineer (d. 1789)
- Edward Wortley Montagu, British politician, traveller and author (d. 1776)
May 17 – Élie Bertrand, Swiss scientist (d. 1797)
May 25
- Andrzej Mokronowski, Polish general (d. 1783)
- John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, British politician, Prime Minister of Great Britain (d. 1792)^[12]
May 31 – Giuseppe Maria Buonaparte, Corsican politician (d. 1763)

June

June 3 – Robert Petre, 8th Baron Petre, British peer, renowned horticulturist (d. 1742)
June 10 – Princess Caroline of Great Britain, fourth child and third daughter of George II (d. 1757)
June 11
- John Allen, 3rd Viscount Allen, Irish politician (d. 1745)
- Edward Capell, English Shakespearean scholar; (d. 1781)
June 13
- Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui, Consort of Chinese Emperor (d. 1760)
- Antonio Eugenio Visconti, Italian cardinal (d. 1788)
June 16 – Meshech Weare, First Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1786)
June 17 – Hongjiao, Chinese Qing dynasty imperial prince (d. 1764)
June 20 – Georg Anton Urlaub, German painter (d. 1759)
June 22 – Lord John Sackville, English gentleman and cricketer (d. 1765)
June 25 – Marie-Marguerite Brun, French poet (d. 1794)
June 29 – Johannes de Bosch, painter from the Northern Netherlands (d. 1785)

July

July 1 – Benjamin Green, Nova Scotian merchant, judge, and political figure (d. 1772)
July 5
- Stanhope Aspinwall, British diplomat (d. 1771)
- Jean Godin des Odonais, French cartographer and naturalist (d. 1792)
July 9 – John Newbery, English publisher and bookseller (d. 1767)
July 10 – Anna Rosina de Gasc, German portrait painter (d. 1783)
July 14 – Nicole du Hausset, French memoirist (d. 1801)
July 16 – Carlo Murena, architect (d. 1764)
July 18
- Robert Dundas of Arniston, the younger, Scottish judge (d. 1787)
- Gaetano Matteo Pisoni, Swiss-Italian architect (d. 1782)
July 22 – Jacques-Germain Soufflot, French architect in neoclassicism (d. 1780)
July 23
- Juan de Miralles, Spanish diplomat (d. 1780)
- Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (d. 1792)
July 27 – Princess Sophie Charlotte of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, duchess consort of Saxe-Weimar (d. 1746)

August

August 1 – Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (d. 1780)
August 3 – Johan Georg Lillienberg, Swedish count and politician (d. 1798)
August 4
- Bernardo de Miera y Pacheco, Spanish cartographer (d. 1785)
- Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Duchess consort of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1761)
August 6 – Marie Sophie de Courcillon, French noblewoman and Duchess of Rohan-Rohan, Princess of Soubise by marriage (d. 1756)
August 9 – James Murray, loyalist during the American Revolution (d. 1781)
August 11 – Lebbeus Harris, Canadian politician (d. 1792)
August 13 – David Franco Mendes, Dutch poet (d. 1792)
August 17 – Antoine de Montazet, French archbishop (d. 1788)
August 18 – Arthur Champagne, Irish Anglican priest (d. 1799)
August 25 – Vijaya Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman I, Raja of Pudukkottai (d. 1769)
August 27 – Anton August Beck, German engraver (d. 1787)

September

September 3 – Jean Baptiste de La Vérendrye, one of the founders of the present province of Manitoba (d. 1736)
September 9 – Robert Bremner, British music publisher (d. 1789)
September 10
- Gowin Knight, British physicist (d. 1772)
- John Needham, English biologist and Roman Catholic priest (d. 1781)
September 13 – Giuseppe Maria Buondelmonti, Italian philosopher (d. 1757)
September 14
- Johann Kies, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1781)
- Imperial Noble Consort Shujia, consort of the Qianlong Emperor (d. 1755)
September 16 – Charles Lucas, Irish apothecary, physician and politician (d. 1771)
September 20 – Louis Du Pont Duchambon de Vergor, French military officer (d. 1775)
September 21 – Domingo de Bonechea, Spanish explorer (d. 1775)
September 22 – Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa, Hungarian nobleman, jurist, landowner, vice-ispán of the county of Zala (d. 1770)
September 23 – Ferdinand VI of Spain, king of Spain, lived (d. 1759)

October

October 2 – Henry Tucker of The Grove, Bermudian merchant, politician and Militia officer (d. 1787)
October 3 – Antoine Dauvergne, French composer and violinist (d. 1797)
October 5 – Denis Diderot, French philosopher (d. 1784)
October 7 – Granville Elliott, Army General, British military expert, working for Britain and Palatine forces (d. 1759)
October 8 – Yechezkel Landau, influential Polish authority on halakha (Jewish law) (d. 1793)
October 9 – Mikhail Volkonsky, Russian statesman and military figure from the House of Volkonsky (d. 1788)
October 12 – Khawaja Muhammad Zaman of Luari, Sindhi Sufi poet (d. 1775)
October 13
- Allan Ramsay, Scottish portrait painter (d. 1784)
- Jacques de Romas, French physicist (d. 1776)
October 20
- Benjamin Andrew, American politician (d. 1790)
- James Cecil, 6th Earl of Salisbury, English noble (d. 1780)
- Joseph Redlhamer, Austrian physicist (d. 1761)
October 23 – Pieter Burman the Younger, Dutch lawyer and philologist (d. 1778)
October 24 – Marie Fel, French opera singer (d. 1794)
October 30 – Giuseppe Antonio Landi, Italian architect and painter (d. 1791)

November

November 1 – Antonio Genovesi, Italian economist (d. 1769)
November 5 – Gorges Lowther, Member of the Irish House of Commons (d. 1792)
November 6 – Thomas Osborne, 4th Duke of Leeds, British politician (d. 1789)
November 13 – Nicolas Luton Durival, French historian (d. 1795)
November 14 – Blasius Columban, Baron von Bender, Luxembourgish politician (d. 1798)
November 17 – August de la Motte, German general (d. 1788)
November 24
- Junípero Serra, Spanish Christian missionary (d. 1784)
- Laurence Sterne, Anglo-Irish novelist and Anglican cleric (d. 1768)
November 28 – Georg Friedrich Brander, German precision mechanic and mathematician (d. 1783)
November 30 – Johann Balthasar Bullinger, Swiss landscape painter (d. 1793)

December

December 4 – Gasparo Gozzi, Venetian critic and dramatist (d. 1786)
December 9 – Abraham Bäck, physician (d. 1795)
December 10 – Johann Nicolaus Mempel, German composer and musician (d. 1747)
December 13 – John Baptist Caryll, third Jacobite Baron Caryll of Durford (d. 1788)
December 14 – Martin Knutzen, German philosopher (d. 1751)
December 15 – Welbore Ellis, 1st Baron Mendip, English politician (d. 1802)
December 17 – Antoine-Noé de Polier de Bottens, Swiss theologian (d. 1783)
December 19 – Jonathan Toup, British philologist (d. 1785)
December 23 – Maruyama Gondazaemon, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1749)
December 27 – Giovanni Battista Borra, Italian architect and engineer (d. 1770)
December 29
- André-Joseph Blavier, Belgian composer (d. 1782)
- Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, French astronomer (d. 1762)
- Herman Petersen, Swedish merchant (d. 1765)

Deaths