173d Air Refueling Squadron

173d Air Refueling Squadron
173d Air Refueling Squadron – Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker serial no. 59-1495
Active	1943–Present
Country	United States
Allegiance	Nebraska
Branch	Air National Guard
Type	Squadron
Role	Air Refueling
Part of	Nebraska Air National Guard
Garrison/HQ	Lincoln Air National Guard Base, Nebraska
Tail Code	White tail stripe, "Nebraska" in red lettering
Engagements	World War II
Insignia
173d Air Refueling Squadron emblem

The 173d Air Refueling Squadron (173d ARS) is a unit of the Nebraska Air National Guard 155th Air Refueling Wing. It is assigned to Lincoln Air National Guard Base, Nebraska and is equipped with the Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker.

see 401st Fighter Squadron for full World War II history

The 401st Fighter Squadron was established on 22 July 1943 at Westover Field, Massachusetts and equipped with P-47 Thunderbolts. Deployed to the European Theater of Operations (ETO) and assigned to Ninth Air Force in England, it engaged in combat operations until May 1945. It returned to the United States during September–November 1945, and was inactivated on 7 November 1945.

The unit was allotted to the National Guard on 24 May 1946 and redesignated the 173rd Fighter Squadron, and was further allotted to the Nebraska Air National Guard. It was organized and federally recognized as a P-51D Mustang squadron in July 1946. It was the second Air National Guard unit established, and assigned to the Iowa ANG's 132d Fighter Group. It was posted to Lincoln Airport (later Lincoln Air Force Base), a former Second Air Force training field during World War II. With the long runways of the airport, the unit was able to upgrade to Lockheed P-80A Shooting Star jet aircraft in early 1948. In 1950, the unit became the first Air National Guard organization to win the Winston P. Wilson Trophy as the outstanding jet fighter unit for the year. It was the first of five Wilson trophies to be awarded to the Nebraska organization.

Activated to federal service during the Korean War, the unit was sent to Dow Air Force Bae, Maine. Used by TAC to train replacement pilots in F-51D Mustang ground support operations, some unit members also deployed to Japan and Korea to fly combat missions. The 132d, still with F-51s, was moved to Alexandria Air Force Base, Louisiana in May 1952, replacing the Oklahoma ANG 137th Fighter-Bomber Wing which was deployed to France. The unit performed training as a tactical fighter unit until relieved from active service and returning to Nebraska ANG jurisdiction in January 1953.

Upon returning to Lincoln, the squadron was forced to share facilities with the new Strategic Air Command provisional 4120th Air Base Group and extensive construction enlarging the airport to support SAC bombers as Lincoln Air Force Base. In late 1953, the unit re-equipped with more-advanced F-80C Shooting Star jets and the 173d was re-designated as a Fighter-Interceptor squadron, with the Air Defense Command (ADC) becoming the gaining organization. Its new mission was the air defense of Nebraska and specifically the air defense of the new SAC facility, which was programmed to receive the Air Forces new B-47 Stratojet intercontinental jet bomber in 1954.

In 1955 the 173d was authorized new facilities. A new site was located south of the commercial air terminal adjoining the Air Force base and the unit moved to its new facilities in the fall of 1956. Two years later, the unit moved into a vacated Naval Air Reserve hangar and turned its "old" hangar over to the Nebraska Army National Guard. Since that time, additional facilities were built on the 166 acres (0.67 km2) of the Lincoln Air National Guard Base. Army aviation and other Army units remain tenants today.

The 173d transitioned to North American F-86D Sabre interceptors in 1957, and upgraded to the modified F-86L in 1959 which could be computer-guided by the ground-based SAGE system to intercept targeted unknown aircraft. In 1960, ADC decided to expand the organization to group size, activating the 155th Fighter-Interceptor Group at Lincoln AFB on 1 July, with jurisdiction of the 173d being transferred from the 132d Fighter Group to the new 155th FIG.

The unit remained under ADC until 1964 with the planned retirement of the B-47. The unit then received Republic RF-84F Thunderflash photo-reconnaissance aircraft and became a Tactical Air Command reconnaissance squadron. In January 1965, SAC's 307th Bomb Wing began drawdown operations at Lincoln AFB, and the base was closed on 6 June 1966 and returned to civilian control with a co-located Air National Guard Base.

The 173d was upgraded to the RF-4C Phantom II in 1972, and operated as a tactical reconnaissance squadron until 1993. With the retirement of the Phantom in the early 1990s and the end of the Cold War, the unit was reorganized into the 173d Air Refueling Squadron, flying Boeing KC-135R Stratotankers and being subordinated to the Air Mobility Command.

• Constituted 401st Fighter Squadron on 22 July 1943

Activated on 25 July 1943

Inactivated on 10 November 1945

• Re-designated 173d Fighter Squadron and allocated to the Nebraska Air National Guard on 24 May 1946.

173rd Fighter Squadron (Single-Engine) extended federal recognition on 26 July 1946

Re-designated: 173d Fighter Squadron (Jet) in Spring 1948

Ordered into active service on 1 April 1951

Relieved from active duty and returned to Nebraska ANG, on 1 January 1953

Re-designated: 173d Fighter-Bomber Squadron on 1 January 1953

Re-designated: 173d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron in Fall 1953

Re-designated: 173d Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron on 1 May 1964

Re-designated: 173d Reconnaissance Squadron on 15 March 1992

Re-designated: 173d Air Refueling Squadron on 1 October 1995

• 370th Fighter Group, 25 July 1943 – 7 November 1945
• 132d Fighter Group, 26 July 1946
• 132d Fighter-Bomber Group, on 1 January 1953
• 132d Fighter-Interceptor Group, 1 July 1958
• 155th Fighter-Interceptor Group, 1 July 1960
• 155th Tactical Reconnaissance Group, 1 May 1964
• 155th Reconnaissance Group, 15 March 1992
• 155th Air Refueling Group, 1 January 1994
• 155th Air Refueling Wing, 1 Oct 1995–present

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency