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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1984.
Plants
[edit]![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (June 2023) |
Angiosperms
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Wing |
A Platycaryeae fruit morphospecies. |
|||||
|
Comb nov |
valid |
(Chandler) Wing & Hickey |
Moved from Pterocaryopsis bognorensis (1961) |
|||||
|
Comb nov |
valid |
(Lesquereux) Wing & Hickey |
Moved from Quercus castaneopsis (1883) |
|||||
|
Sp nov |
valid |
Wing & Hickey |
A Platycarya fruit morphospecies. |
Arthropods
[edit]Arachnids
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Schawaller |
A selenopid wall spider |
 |
Newly named crustaceans
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Schram |
A mantis shrimp, type species is G. peleron |
 | ||||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Schram |
Upper Pennsylvanian |
|||||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Schmalfuss |
A delatorreid isopod |
|||||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Schmalfuss |
A delatorreid isopod |
Newly named eurypterids
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Schram |
Conodont paleozoology
[edit]Willi Ziegler and Charles A. Sandberg described the conodont genus Alternognathus.
Archosauromorphs
[edit]Newly named archosauromorphs
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Originally described as a fabrosaurid; |
Newly named dinosaurs
[edit]Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[7]
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
He |
A tetanuran theropod |
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|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dong & Tang |
A Mamenchisaurid sauropod |
 | ||||
|
Fam., gen et sp nov |
Valid |
 | ||||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
He |
A tetanuran theropod |
|||||
|
Gen nov |
Valid |
Welles |
 | |||||
|
Gen nov |
Jr. synonym of Coelophysis. |
Welles |
||||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A megalosauroid. Before it was believed that this animal was a quadruped, but now it is known that this was a biped. |
Newly named birds
[edit]| Name | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
MN 11-15 |
An Anatidae. |
|||||
|
Disputed |
Sp. nov. |
An Archaeopterygidae, the 5th specimen, this species becomes the type species of the new genus Jurapteryx Howgate, 1985.[15] |
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|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Strigidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Miocene |
: |
A Cuculiformes, Neomorphidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
An Anatidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Dromaiidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
An Apodiformes, Eocypselidae Harrison, 1984, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Ornithuromorphae Chiappe, Ji, Ji et Norell, 1999, Gansuiformes Hou et Liu, 1984, Gansuidae Hou et Liu, 1984, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
MN 9? |
A Gaviidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Alexornithiformes, Brodkorb, 1976, Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, Alexornithinae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Laridae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Accipitridae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Cave deposits |
|
A Strigidae. |
||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
A Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888, Hesperornithidae Marsh, 1872, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
Described as a Rallidae, transferred to the genus Lithornis Owen, 1840 by Houde, 1988,[31] a Palaeognathae, Lithornithiformes Houde, 1988, Lithornithidae Houde, 1988. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
Described as a Rallidae, transferred to the genus Lithornis Owen, 1840 by Houde, 1988,[31] a Palaeognathae, Lithornithiformes Houde, 1988, Lithornithidae Houde, 1988. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|||||||
|
Valid ? |
Sp. nov. |
Late Miocene |
A Phalacrocoracidae, possibly a synonym of Phalacrocorax aristotelis. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Cave deposits |
A Phasianidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Apodidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Scopidae |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
Described as a Falconidae, placed in Aves Incertae Sedis by Mlíkovský, 2002.[35] |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Alexornithiformes, Brodkorb, 1976, Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, Zhyraornithinae Nessov, 1984, this is the type species of the new genus. |
Pterosaurs
[edit]
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References
[edit]
- ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- ^ a b c Wing, S. L.; Hickey, L. J. (1984). "The Platycarya perplex and the evolution of the Juglandaceae". American Journal of Botany. 71 (3): 388–411. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1984.tb12525.x.
- ^ Crews, S. (2011). "A revision of the spider genus Selenops (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean". ZooKeys (105): 1–182. doi:10.3897/zookeys.105.724. PMC 3131050. PMID 21852919.
- ^ a b c Schram, Frederick R. (1984). "Upper Pennsylvanian Arthropods from Black Shales of Iowa and Nebraska". Journal of Paleontology. 58 (1): 197–209. ISSN 0022-3360.
- ^ a b Schmalfuss, H. (1984). "Two new species of the terrestrial isopod genus Pseudarmadillo from Dominican amber (Amber-Collection Stuttgart: Crustacea, Isopoda, Pseudarmadillidae)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde (B). 102: 1–14.
- ^ Chatterjee, S (1984). "A new ornithischian dinosaur from the Triassic of North America". Naturwissenschaften. 1 (12): 630–631. Bibcode:1984NW.....71..630C. doi:10.1007/bf00377897. S2CID 6993997.
- ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- ^ a b He, X. 1984. The Vertebrate Fossils of Sichuan. Sichuan Scientific and Technical Publishing House, Chengdu, Sichuan: 168 pages.
- ^ Dong, Z. and Z. Tang. 1984. Note on the mid Jurassic sauropod (Datousaurus bashanensis gen. et sp. nov.) from Suchuan Basin, China. Vertebr. Palasiatica 22: pp. 69-75.
- ^ Barsbold, R. and A. Perle. 1984. [On] The first finding of primitive ornithomimosaur from the Cretaceous of the [Mongolian People's Republic]. Paleontologischeskii Zhural 2: pp. 121- 123
- ^ Welles, S.P. 1984. Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda): osteology and comparisons. Palaeontographica 185, A: pp. 85-180.
- ^ Dong, Z. 1984. A new theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Sichuan Basin. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 22: pp. 213-218.
- ^ a b Nikolay I. Burchak-Abramovich & Ivan M. Nikolov (1984). "Iskopayemmyye ptitsy Phalacrocorax serdicensis sp. n. i Anser thraceiensis sp. n. iz Bolgarii. [The fossil birds Phalacrocorax serdicensis sp. n. and Anser thraceiensis sp. n. from Bulgaria.] [in Russian, with English summ.]". Paleontologiya, Stratigrafiya I Litologiya. 19: 23–34.
- ^ Michael E. Howgate (1984). "The Teeth of Archaeopteryx and a Reinterpretation of the Eichstätt Specimen". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 82 (1–2): 159–175. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1984.tb00540.x.
- ^ Michael E. Howgate (1985). M.K. Hecht; J.H. Ostrom; G. Viohl; P. Wellnhofer (eds.). "Problems of the Osteology of Archaeopteryx Is the Eichstätt Specimen a Distinct Genus?". The Beginnings of Birds: 105–112.
- ^ Pierce Brodkorb & Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1984). "Fossil Owls from Early Man Sites of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania" (PDF). Ostrich. 55 (1): 17–27. doi:10.1080/00306525.1984.9634590. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-28. Retrieved 2022-06-07.
- ^ Larry D. Martin & Robert M. Mengel (1984). "A New Cuckoo and a Chachalaca from the Early Miocene of Colorado". Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication. 9: 171–177.
- ^ Jacques Cheneval (1984). "The Les Oiseaux Aquataniques (Gaviiformes à Anseriformes) du Gisement Aquitanien de Saint-Gérard-Le-Puy (Allier, France). Révision Systématique". Palaeovertebrata. 14 (2): 33–115.
- ^ Shane A. Parker (1984). "The Extinct Kangaroo Island Emu, a Hitherto Unrecognized Species" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 104 (1): 19–22.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Colin J. O. Harrison (1984). "A Revision of the Fossil Swifts (Vertebrata, Aves, Suborder Apodi) with Descriptions of Three New Genera and Two New Species". Mededelingen van de Werkgroep voor Tertiaire en Kwartaire Geologie. 21 (4): 157–177.
- ^ Hildegarde Howard (1984). "Additional Avian Records from the Miocene of Kern County, California, with the Description of a New Species of Fulmar (Aves: Procellariidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. 83: 84–89. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-08-30.
- ^ Hou Lianhai & Liu Zhicheng (1984). "A New Fossil Bird from Lower Cretaceous of Gansu and Early Evolution of Birds". Scientia Sinica. 27: 1296–1302.
- ^ a b Jenö Kessler (1984). "Noi Contributii Privind Studiul Avifaunelor din Paratethys". Crisia. 14: 521–532.
- ^ a b Lev A. Nessov (1984). "Upper Cretaceous Pterosaurs and Birds from Central Asia". Paleontological Journal. 18: 38–49.
- ^ Nikolay I. Burchak-Abramovich & E. G. Gabashvili (1984). "Fossil Gull Larus udabnensis sp. nov. in the Hypparion Fauna of Udabno". Vestnik Gosudartsvennogo Muzeya Gruzli. 33A: 3–13.
- ^ Hou LianHai (1984). "The Aragonian Vertebrate Fauna of Xiacaswan, Jang - 2. Aegypinae (Falconiformes, Aves)" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 22 (1): 14–20.
- ^ Pierce Brodkorb & Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1984). Hugh H. Genowayf & Mary R. Dawson (eds.). "Pleistocene Birds from Cumberland Cave, Maryland". Contributions in Quaternary Vertebrate Paleontology: A Volume in Memorial to John e. Guilday. 8: 39–43.
- ^ Larry D. Martin (1984). "A New Hesperornithid and the Relationships of the Mesozoic Birds". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 87 (3–4): 141–150. doi:10.2307/3627850. JSTOR 3627850.
- ^ a b c d Colin J. O. Harrison (1984). "Further Additions to the Fossil Birds of Sheppey: A New Falconid and Three Small Rails". Tertiary Research. 5 (4): 179–187.
- ^ a b Colin J. O. Harrison (1984). "Rail-like Cursorial Birds of the British Lower Eocene, with Descriptions of Two New Species". The London Naturalist. 63: 13–23.
- ^ a b Peter W. Houde (1984). "Paleognathous Birds from the Early Tertiary of the Northern Hemisphere". Publication of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. 22: 1–148.
- ^ Pierce Brodkorb & Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1984). "A New Species of Cormorant (Aves: Phalacrocoracidae) from the Pleistocene of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania". Geobios. 17 (3): 331–337. Bibcode:1984Geobi..17..331B. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(84)80098-4.
- ^ Huang Wanpo & Hou Lianhai (1984). "Vertebrate Fossils from Yunshui Cave, Beijing" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 22 (2): 117–122.
- ^ Storrs L. Olson (1984). "A Hammerkop from the Early Pliocene of South Africa (Aves: Scopidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 97 (4): 736–740. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-08-29.
- ^ Jíří Mlíkovský (2002). "Cenozoic Birds of the World Part 1: Europe" (PDF). Praha Ninox Press. 2002: 1–407. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2014-08-28.