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Ammonium bromate

Ammonium bromate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.034.137 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 237-566-5
UNII
  • InChI=1S/BrHO3.H3N/c2-1(3)4;/h(H,2,3,4);1H3
    Key: BEOODBYKENEKIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [NH4+].[O-]Br(=O)=O
Properties
BrH4NO3
Molar mass 145.940 g·mol−1
Density g/cm3
soluble
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS01: ExplosiveGHS07: Exclamation mark
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Ammonium bromate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4BrO3.[1]

Synthesis

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Ammonium bromate can be made by draining cold solutions of ammonium chloride and sodium bromate:

NH4Cl + NaBrO3 → NH4BrO3 + NaCl

Physical properties

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Ammonium bromate forms colorless crystals, soluble in water, but poorly soluble in ethanol.[2][3]

It is highly explosive.

Chemical properties

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Ammonium bromate is a very unstable compound that slowly decomposes at −5 °C and explodes at 54 °C. The decomposition proceeds as follows:[4][5]

NH4BrO3 → NH4NO3 + 2 Br2 + O2 + N2O + 6 H2O
NH4BrO3 → N2 + Br2 + O2 + 4 H2O

It also decomposes significantly when stored in a desiccator containing calcium chloride, changing color to yellow and then reddish brown.

References

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  1. ^ Urben, Peter (18 March 2017). Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards. Elsevier. p. 1328. ISBN 978-0-08-101059-4. Retrieved 30 January 2025.
  2. ^ Watts, Henry (1866). A Dictionary of Chemistry and the Allied Branches of Other Sciences: Abichite. Longmans, Green, and Company. p. 670. Retrieved 30 January 2025.
  3. ^ Haynes, William M. (22 June 2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press. p. 4-46. ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3. Retrieved 30 January 2025.
  4. ^ Solymosi, Frigyes; Bansagi, Tamas (1 January 1970). "Stability of ammonium halates in the solid state. Kinetics and mechanism of the thermal decomposition of ammonium bromate". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 74 (1): 15–21. doi:10.1021/j100696a003. ISSN 0022-3654. Retrieved 30 January 2025.
  5. ^ Galwey, A. K.; Brown, M. E. (25 February 1999). Thermal Decomposition of Ionic Solids: Chemical Properties and Reactivities of Ionic Crystalline Phases. Elsevier. p. 423. ISBN 978-0-08-054279-9. Retrieved 30 January 2025.