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Diacetone alcohol

Diacetone alcohol
Skeletal formula of diacetone alcohol
Ball-and-stick model of the diacetone alcohol molecule
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one
Other names
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone; 4-Hydroxy-2-keto-4-methylpentane; Diacetone alcohol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1740440
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.004.207 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 204-626-7
RTECS number
  • SA9100000
UNII
UN number 1148
  • InChI=1S/C6H12O2/c1-5(7)4-6(2,3)8/h8H,4H2,1-3H3 checkY
    Key: SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C6H12O2/c1-5(7)4-6(2,3)8/h8H,4H2,1-3H3
    Key: SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYAN
  • CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O
Properties
C6H12O2
Molar mass 116.160 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Odorless
Density 0.938 g/cm3
Melting point −47 °C (−53 °F; 226 K)
Boiling point 166 °C (331 °F; 439 K)
moderate
Solubility most organic solvents
1.4235
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Flammable
GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H226, H319, H335
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
Flash point 52 °C; 125 °F; 325 K
Explosive limits 1.8–6.9%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
4000 mg/kg (oral, rat)
4653 mg/kg (oral, rabbit)
3950 mg/kg (oral, mouse)[2]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 50 ppm (240 mg/m3)[1]
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Acetone
methyl isobutyl ketone
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Diacetone alcohol is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2C(OH)(CH3)2, sometimes called DAA. This colorless liquid is a common synthetic intermediate used for the preparation of other compounds, and is also used as a solvent.[3]

Synthesis and reactions

[edit]

First identified by Heintz,[4] one standard laboratory preparation of DAA entails the Ba(OH)2-catalyzed condensation of two molecules of acetone.[5]

It undergoes dehydration to give the α,β-unsaturated ketone called mesityl oxide.[6] Hydrogenation of diacetone alcohol gives hexylene glycol. Condensation with urea gives "diacetone-monourea", i.e. the heterocycle 3,4-dihydro- 4,4,6-trimethyl-2(1H)-pyrimidone.[3]

Uses

[edit]

Diacetone alcohol is used in cellulose ester lacquers,[3] particularly of the brushing type, where it produces brilliant gloss and hard film and where its lack of odor is desirable. It is used in lacquer thinners, dopes, wood stains, wood preservatives and printing pastes; in coating compositions for paper and textiles; permanent markers;[7] in making artificial silk and leather; in imitation gold leaf; in celluloid cements; as a preservative for animal tissue; in metal cleaning compounds; in the manufacture of photographic film; and in hydraulic brake fluids, where it is usually mixed with an equal volume of castor oil.

Safety

[edit]

The LD50 (oral, rats) is 4 g/kg.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0178". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ "Diacetone alcohol". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ a b c d Sifniades, Stylianos; Levy, Alan B. (2000). "Acetone". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a01_079. ISBN 3527306730.
  4. ^ Heintz, Ann. 169, 114 (1873)
  5. ^ Conant, J. B.; Tuttle, N. (1921). "Diacetone Alcohol". Organic Syntheses. 1: 45. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.001.0045.
  6. ^ Conant, J. B.; Tuttle, N. (1921). "Mesityl Oxide". Organic Syntheses. 1: 53. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.001.0053.
  7. ^ Sharpie Chisel Tip Permanent Marker at the Consumer Product Information Database