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Estadio Zorros del Desierto

Estadio Zorros del Desierto
El infierno naranja (The Orange Hell)[1]
View of the stadium of the stadium in 2017.
Map
Estadio Zorros del Desierto is located in Chile
Estadio Zorros del Desierto
Estadio Zorros del Desierto
Calama, Chile
Full nameEstadio Municipal "Zorros del Desierto" de Calama
Former namesEstadio Municipal de Calama (1952–2014)[2]
LocationMatta Avenue, no Number
Calama, Chile[3]
Coordinates22°27′37″S 68°55′14″W / 22.46028°S 68.92056°W / -22.46028; -68.92056
Elevation15 m (49 ft) Approx.[4]
Public transitEmpresa de Transporte Publico Linea 177 Calama[5]
Owner Municipality of Calama[6]
OperatorMunicipality of Calama
TypeStadium
Seating typeStadium seating
Executive suites214
Capacity12,098 seatings (excluding V.I.P. Seating)[4]
Record attendance11,428 (C.D.Cobreloa - C.D. Cobresal, December 1, 2018)[7]
Field size105 m × 68 m (344 ft × 223 ft)
Field shapeRectangular
SurfaceRyegrass and Lolium arundinaceum Mixture[8]
Scoreboard28 m2 LED screen
Construction
Broke groundFebruary 3, 2013
BuiltFebruary 3, 2013[9] – April 18, 2015
Opened12 November 1952; 72 years ago (1952-11-12)
RenovatedApril 18, 2015[10]
Construction costUS$ 8,66 million
CLP 12.038.402.000[11]
EU€ 7,76 million
ArchitectGerardo Marambio Cortés
Claudio Aceituno Husch
Patricia Vidal Aguayo
Project manager Instituto Nacional de Deportes – IND
Municipality of Calama
Structural engineerIván Hrepic
Main contractors Isolux Corsan[12]
Tenants
- Cobreloa
2015-Present
Website
Municipality of Calama website

Estadio Municipal "Zorros del Desierto" de Calama (Spanish pronunciation: [esˈtaðjo ˈθoros ðel deˈsjeɾto] ) is a football stadium in Calama, Chile owned by the Municipality of Calama, it is the home field of the Cobreloa football team and sometimes used by Chile national football team to serve as home ground.[13] This stadium was used like homeground of Deportes Iquique on Copa Libertadores 2017[14] and Cobresal in Copa Libertadores 2024.[15] This is the Fifteenth largest stadium in Chile by Capacity in 2024.

Built in 1952 by the Abaroa family to provide sports facilities for the city, it was demolished in 2013 and opened in 2015, it replaced the old Estadio Municipal de Calama. The stadium seats 12,346 people and includes zones for disabled people. The Stadium was built to FIFA Standards and logistics.[16]

This stadium was cited as one of the best in the world in 2015 by the Database of Stadiums page.[17] The stadium was considered the smallest and least expensive among the participants. It finished in 19th place with 14,837 points.[18]

The former mayor of Calama, Esteban Velasquez, said that the maintenance costs are 300 million CLP, mainly directed to the maintenance of the court, dependencies and officials working in the enclosure. It is fully funded by the Municipality. Cobreloa paid a commission to the Municipality of around 800.000 CLP per month to help in maintenance of the stadium through May 2016.[19]

Name

[edit]

The first stadium name proposal was to honour former Cobreloa player Fernando Cornejo, who died in 2009. It became the name of the stadium project in 2010. However, this project name was not given to the stadium.[20]

In April 2014, in a reunion between local authorities, it was decided that the name would be chosen by Calama mayor, Esteban Velazquez, and the Consejo de Sociedad Civil (Cososi). The proposed alternatives were: Arena, Pucará, Vicente Cantatore, Mario Lira and Fernando Cornejo.[21]

Name Votes
Zorros del Desierto 1088
Fernando Cornejo Jiménez 937
Héroes del Topater 825
Corazón Minero Calama 518
Río Loa 355
Sergio Stoppel García 210
Alturas del Loa 195
Héctor Puebla Saavedra 135
Coloso Minero 106
Mario Lira Solas 89
Defensores del Topater 87
Glorias del Desierto 86
Roberto Rodríguez Antiquera 65
Nicolás Tschishow Titow 8
References [22][23]

Ultimately, the name was decided through voting, through a campaign called "Ponle nombre al Municipal de Calama". With a video titled 'Corporación de Cultura y Turismo de Calama', the municipality invited the community of Calama, Chile to propose names. Initially seven names were proposed, but the registration period was extended in September 2014.[24] Eventually 4,721 voters chose among 14 proposals. The winner was the 'Zorros del Desierto' option, with 1,088 votes. The second, the third and the fourth place were used to name different areas of the stadium. The Mario Lira Option was named the media cabines.[25]

History

[edit]

Estadio Municipal de Calama

[edit]
Estadio Municipal de Calama previous to the rebuilt in 2009.

Estadio Municipal de Calama was a multi-use stadium in Calama, used mostly for football matches and it was the home stadium of Cobreloa until 2012. The stadium held 13,000 people (seating capacity),[26] it was built in 1952 and was demolished in 2013, to be replaced with the new stadium.

Proposal

[edit]

A new stadium in Calama was first suggested in 2007, when architect, Andrés Valle, made a model of the project; it was well received by the authorities. This showed that the community and the private sector had interest in a new venue.[27] In 2008, Cobreloa representative Gerardo Mella proposed the project to authorities of Calama. With the consultation of the company Alberto Saltori y Asociados, Cobreloa would dedicate CLP 35 to 40 million to this project.[28]

In 2009, Chilean, President Michelle Bachelet announced the inclusion of Calama in the third phase of the 'Estadios Bicentenario' projects.[29] Representative Marcos Espinoza had referred to the project financing with an amount of CLP 300 million, either for a renovation or a new structure.[30]

In 2010, parliamentarian Marcos Espinoza announced to the media the possibility that this project would be not included in the 2011 budget.[31] In 2011, Chilean President Sebastián Piñera announced that $170 million U.S. dollars was to be invested in improving the infrastructure of Chile's stadiums through the 'Chilestadios' project, in which the Estadio Municipal de Calama was included.[32]

The ultimate project was shown to Calama mayor, Estebán Velásquez Nuñez, in 2012. In this phase of the project the Consejo Regional was decided as the amounts would be distributed. The Instituto Nacional del Deporte (IND) allocated CLP 5,000 million to the project. The technical team of the municipality of Calama led by Gloria Aliaga was in charge of different project phases.[33]

"Era impensado no tener un estadio en Calama y hoy día el trabajo que hemos desarrollado en la Municipalidad ha dado sus frutos"


"It was unthinkable not to have a stadium in Calama and today the work we have developed in the Municipality has paid off"

Estebán Velásquez Nuñez

The municipality of Calama had to deposit the project to the Banco Integrado de 'Proyectos del Ministerio de Planificación Social'. The resource allocation of the 'Fondo Regional of Desarrollo Social' was subtracted by the 'Consejo Regional' of Antofagasta Region to enter the tendering.

The proposal was for a concrete structure with 12,000 individual seats, including a place for disabled people. The project had 4 floors, with dressing room for the players and referees, hygienic services, snack hall, media area, first aid hall and LED screen. The field dimensions were 105 x 68 meters with natural grass. The design was inspired by the aging copper bars in order to provide identification to the community in the area.[34]

In 2012 non-compliance to bidding rules delayed construction, which is why the 'Instituto Nacional del Deporte' had to seek alternatives to avoid altering the route of the process.[35]

Construction

[edit]

The project was awarded to Spanish company Isolux Corsan on January 30, 2013. The dismantling works started the same day with the removal of stadium light bulbs.[36] The last game in the old venue was held in the old stadium was against Deportes Iquique, on February 3, 2013. In April of this year, the 'Instituto Nacional del Deporte' and the 'Gobierno Regional' increased project financing to CLP 12,000 million approximately.[37]

By November 2013, progress reached only 40%. The revised completion date was the end of the first quarter of 2014.[38]

2014

[edit]

In April progress reached 85% and regional governor Valentín Volta said the stadium would finish in the second half of the year.[39]

In May salaries to company employees went unpaid over delays.[40] In July payments to workers of Isolux – Corsan were delayed.[41] for September, it was announced that the new stadium it will be opened in November this year, due to delays in municipal delivery of this.[42] Due to delays and a failure to cover outstanding debts to its subcontractors, Isolux-Corsan ran into difficulties.[43] The new completion date was early 2015.[44]

Then-Chile National Football coach, Jorge Sampaoli, had planned to use the stadium for matches with Brazil and Argentina in the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification.[45]

2015

[edit]

In February 2015 delays came over the bathrooms, which were not complete.[46] The opening date of the stadium was April 18.[47]

The 'Instituto Nacional del Deporte' donated an amount greater than CLP 200 million to finish the work. This money was given for improved protection bars, ticket offices, bathrooms, illuminations, boilers and elevator. These improvements were to finish in 2016.[48]

First Match

[edit]

On April 18 the stadium's first match was between Cobreloa and Deportes Antofagasta, for the Primera División de Chile Match in the fifteenth game-week, at 16:00 (GMT-3). Cobreloa won the match with goals by Diego Silva (6'), Rodolfo González (21') y José Luis Jiménez (58').Attendance came to 10,200 spectators. The referee of this match was Eduardo Gamboa.[49]

Cobreloa entered the field with the following Line-Up:

Chile
Silva
Chile
López
The initial Line-Up in the 'Zorros del Desierto' inaugural match, against Deportes Antofagasta, valid for the fifteenth game week of Primera División de Chile, season 2014–15.

Line-Up:

April 18, 2016 Chile Cobreloa 3–1 Deportes Antofagasta Chile Calama, Chile
16:00 (UTC-03:00)
Report Alejandro Delfino 74' Stadium: Estadio Zorros del Desierto Chile
Attendance: 10,200
Referee: Eduardo Gamboa Chile

Certification

[edit]

The Departamento Prevención de Riesgo Forestal y Ambiente (O.S-5), that regulates security standards of the stadiums of Chile determined on March 23, 2016 that this stadium meets these standards, being a stadium suitable for large-scale events, meeting 63% of the requirements.[50]

LaMia Flight 2933 Reaction

[edit]
Tribute of Cobreloa to the victims of LaMia Flight 2933 on December 4, 2016

On December 4, 2016, Club de Deportes Cobreloa, decided to make a tribute to the victims of LaMia Flight 2933, in which personnel of Associação Chapecoense de Futebol team, journalists of Brazil and Bolivian air crew with 77 killed. This tribute consisted of a drawing of the logo of the team in the middle of the field. Before the match a minute of silence paid tribute to the victims. Cobreloa wore a commemorative jersey with the Chapecoense logo below the team logo. The LED screen showed the Chapecoense logo over Cobreloa and his rival logo Intermittently.

International Matches

[edit]

On February 17, 1985, the Chilean national football team played its first international match at this stadium, facing the Danish team Vejle Boldklub, winning 5-0, thanks to doubles by Jorge Aravena, Héctor Puebla, Juan Carlos Letelier and Luis Alberto Mosquera. The second time that the Chilean national team played at home in this stadium was on May 26, 2010, in a friendly match against the Zambian national team, in preparation for the 2010 World Cup. The result was 3-0 in favor of Chile with a double by Alexis Sánchez and a goal by Jorge Valdivia.[51]

In the date, January 27 of 2022 at 21:15 hrs PM UTC -4, this stadium was host of the first Chile International match for World cup qualification, outside Santiago, Chile. Faced the Argentina National Football Team valid for the Matchday 15 of this competition. The score of this match was 1-2, Argentina victory, with goals of Ben Brereton Díaz for Chile and Ángel Di Maria and Lautaro Martinez for Argentina. The public attendance was 8,800.[52]

January 27, 2022 Chile Chile 1-2 Argentina Argentina Calama, Chile
21:15 (UTC-04:00) Ben Brereton Díaz 20' Report
Stadium: Estadio Zorros del Desierto Chile
Attendance: 8,800
Referee: Anderson Daronco Brazil

Construction and Design

[edit]
The design of the front this stadium was taken like reference the Centro Cultural Gabriela Mistral.

The concept of the stadium is based on mining, which is the area's principal economic activity. The roof of the stadium shows copper bars.[53] The reference of the front of the stadium was the building, Centro Cultural Gabriela Mistral,

The stadium is built mainly of prefabricated concrete structure, due this material ins't found in the city, the main contractor of this work subcontract to the company, Grau S.A. to install a factory into the works area in the stadium to create this structures, one of the characteristc of this concrete it's made of mix to get a H-40 type of, mix designed to make the Coarse works of the Stadium. One of problems while the refoundation of the stadium was the low manpower in the city, thus the main architect decided invest in heavy machines to make the work.

The front cover is made with steel (coated with weathering steel) to give the stadium a copper-aged look and an anti-corrosive surface. Initially a copper membrane was proposed for the lining of the stadium. The idea was abandoned absent a Chilean manufacturer and the ultimate green color of the material.[53] The decision of use this material was mainly the dry wheater of the city, so what this not get damaged of this.

The stadium lighting includes 16 light posts place on the interior of the deck, making it suitable for high definition video. The front of the stadium has changing decorative lights.[53]

The evacuation routes are painted with yellow in the steps and risers of the stadium with enlarged size of this.[53]

The stadium has specimens of schinus molle, autochthonous to the area, since its old version existed, the design of the reconstruction of the stadium contemplated preserving these, because these trees were found for decades in the establishment and it was decided to preserve them, thus preserving both the specimens and the ecosystem of the stadium itself.[54]

Also inside the stadium there are monuments given by both the community and the state company CODELCO, in which there is a statue of a fox, in commemoration of the promotion obtained by the Cobreloa team in its 2023 season,[55] as well as a rock which contains copper ore, the latter is located before the stadium was rebuilt. At the initiative of the municipality of the city, inside the stadium there are murals that allude to the history of the Cobreloa club, where the coaches who have been promoted as well as those who have been champions with the institution, including a mural with the image of Alexis Sanchez.[56] The stadium also has a mural commemorating the historic players who have played for Cobreloa.[57]

In 2024, a project began to be developed jointly with private companies, Aguas Antofagasta, AQUA4D and Cobreloa, in conjunction with the Municipality of Calama, which seeks to improve the water use of the stadium, reducing the use of water between 15% to 25% of what is usually used, through technology obtained from Switzerland.[58]

Other uses

[edit]

The stadium is home to various recreational and cultural activities,[59] where children shared participate[60] in family races, yoga[61] and Zumba sessions.[62] In 2016 this stadium hosted the Campeonato Nacional Canadela, Senior category.[63]

In March 2016, the local sport club called Los rebeldes organized a charity event to deliver nonperishable food to different organizations of the city, this event consisted in a football match between some players of Cobreloa in the 1980s decade versus Deportes Ovalle historics players, the requirement to enter at the event was donate a nonperishable food to the cause.[64]

On November 20, 2016, the stadium was host of the first final of Bubble bump football tournament in Chile, called Fútbol burbuja Cup. The participants of this event were secondary students.[65]

Since 2022, the public unit called 'Calama Culture and Tourism Corporation' has started the activity that is open to the community to carry out tours within the enclouse. These are carried out throughout the year with prior registration to said unit either in person or Online.[66]

Facilities

[edit]

Stands

[edit]
A plain of the stadium, describes each area of this

West Stand Tribuna Pácifico 'Fernando Cornejo Jiménez'.

[edit]

Capacity: 2.772 seatings
The west stand of the stadium was named in honor of the former captain of Cobreloa, Fernando Cornejo Jiménez. This player won with Cobreloa team the Chilean Championships in four times, 1992, 2003 (A), 2003 (C) and 2004 . He played in Chile national football team. He participated in the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France.

After his retirement, he became the football manager of the youth Cobreloa team. He died in 2009 from gastric cancer.

This stand has 3 sections, including 214 VIP seats. The press stands and the snacks shop sector are located over this stand.

[edit]

Capacity: 2.674 seatings
This gallery was named in honor of the nickname of Fernando Cornejo, 'Corazón de Minero, in a poll held in Calama, this was the third option in a communal poll to decide the name of the stadium.

He played for Ohiggins de Rancagua and Cobreloa. The nickname has been used since 1992, when Radio Carillon broadcaster Epifanio Carle Alcayaga used it. The reason for his nickname is due to the great identification he had with the area of Calama and the miners.[67]

Cobreloa supporters called 'Huracán Naranja' sit In this gallery.

The LED Screen is located in this gallery.

East Stand Tribuna Ándes 'Héroes del Topater'

[edit]

Capacity: 3.948 seatings
This stand was named in honor of the Chilean soldiers who fought and died in the Battle of Topater, fought in Calama on March 23, 1879, starting the Guerra del Pacifico. This event is celebrated by the city of Calama as the day of annexation of the city to the Chilean territory. The Topater Monolith remembers the fallen heroes of this battle.[68] Cobreloa fans sit in this gallery.

North Gallery: 'Río Loa'

[edit]

Capacity: 2.758 seatings
This stand was named in honor of the Loa River, the longest river in Chile. It crosses the city of Calama. It is the livelihood for indigenous communities of Atacama. Visiting team supporters sit in this gallery.

Facilities

[edit]
  • Front of the Stadium.
    Front of the Stadium.
  • Memorial plate of Tribuna Pácifico.
    Memorial plate of Tribuna Pácifico.
  • South Gallery of Zorros del Desierto.
    South Gallery of Zorros del Desierto.
  • Ándes Stand of Zorros del Desierto.
    Ándes Stand of Zorros del Desierto.
  • North Gallery of Zorros del Desierto.
    North Gallery of Zorros del Desierto.
  • Memorial plate of the Press Room.
    Memorial plate of the Press Room.
  • Parking Area.
    Parking Area.

Records

[edit]

Cobreloa

[edit]
Competition Average Min. Max. % Sold References
2015–16 Primera B de Chile 2,983 2,326 3,924 25% [72]
2015 Copa Chile 2,357 1,981 2,923 20% [73]
2016–17 Primera B de Chile 2,306 986 2,983 19% [74]
2017 Primera B de Chile 3,679 2,360 4,952 31% [75]
2018 Primera B de Chile 3,914 2,387 6,734 33% [76]
2019 Primera B de Chile 4,179 3,386 6,577 35% [77]
2020 Primera B de Chile 631 0[a] 4,710 5% [78]
2021 Primera B de Chile 1,020 0[b] 2,963 9% [79]
2022 Primera B de Chile 4,385 0[b] 10,583 37% [80]
2023 Primera B de Chile 4,398 2,678 7,986 37% [81]

Transport and access

[edit]
A map of the Stadium and surrounding connections

The stadium is accessible on transit bus of the city, more specifically the bus line 'Empresa de Transporte Publico Linea 177 Calama' in his '177-fe' service, who works on hollyday, who going through 'Matta Avenue', located on northeast sector of the city, near of 'Bilbao' street.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Bibliography

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ No attendance due to the COVID 19 pandemic.
  2. ^ a b No attendance due to the COVID 19 pandemic.
  1. ^ "El infierno es naranja, y queda en Calama". Prensa Tocopilla (in Spanish). July 5, 2003. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  2. ^ "El nuevo estadio de Calama ya tiene nombre: se llamará "Zorros del Desierto"". Diario la Tercera (in Spanish). October 19, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  3. ^ "Debutan en flamante estadio "Zorros del Desierto" con el pecho inflado". Gobernación el Loa (in Spanish). March 17, 2015. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  4. ^ a b Benoit, Olivia (January 13, 2013). "En Construcción Noticias: Se aprueba por completo el diseño del nuevo estadio de Calama". Archdaily.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  5. ^ "INFRAESTRUCTURA MENOR ASOCIADA AL SISTEMA DE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO MAYOR DE CALAMA ANÁLISIS Y PROPUESTAS INFRAESTRUCTURA MENOR ASOCIADA AL SISTEMA DE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO MAYOR DE CALAMA, ANÁLISIS Y PROPUESTAS" (PDF). División de Transporte Público Regional (in Spanish). Retrieved October 22, 2022.
  6. ^ "El Estadio Zorros del Desierto fue entregado al municipio de Calama". Soy Chile (in Spanish). April 8, 2015. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  7. ^ "¿Cuántas veces Cobreloa ha jugado a estadio lleno, desde que se reabrió el Estadio Municipal?". El referente. October 28, 2022. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
  8. ^ "Estadio Zorros del Desierto". Turf Chile (in Spanish). September 9, 2017. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
  9. ^ "Estadio de Calama se inaugurará con 462 días de retraso". Redgol.cl (in Spanish). April 8, 2015. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  10. ^ "Cobreloa inauguró con victoria el Estadio Zorros del Desierto de Calama". Cooperativa.cl (in Spanish). April 18, 2015. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  11. ^ "Importante avance de nuevo estadio de Calama". Ministerio del Deporte (in Spanish). April 15, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  12. ^ Salazar, Mauricio (November 20, 2014). "IND termina contrato con constructora de estadio de Calama por retrasos y deudas". Diario la Tercera (in Spanish). Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  13. ^ "Así es el Zorros del desierto, el estadio donde la Selección Argentina visitará a Chile por Eliminatorias". TyC Sports (in Spanish). January 26, 2022. Retrieved October 26, 2022.
  14. ^ "Iquique pierde en su debut en la Libertadores frente a Guaraní". As Chile (in Spanish). March 7, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  15. ^ "El "Zorros del Desierto" tendrá Copa Libertadores con Cobresal". Soychile.com, Calama (in Spanish). February 7, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  16. ^ "Cobreloa ya tiene fecha para estrenar el estadio Zorros del Desierto". Diario la Tercera (in Spanish). March 18, 2015. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  17. ^ "Estadios chilenos compiten por ser los mejores del 2015". Instituto Nacional de Deportes (in Spanish). January 28, 2016. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  18. ^ "Stadium of the Year 2015". Stadium Database. 2016. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  19. ^ "Alcalde de Calama desmiente a Mella: "No le cobramos arriendo del estadio"". Enlalinea.cl (in Spanish). November 14, 2016. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  20. ^ "NUEVO ESTADIO MUNICIPAL DE CALAMA SE LLAMARÁ "FERNANDO CORNEJO"". La Nación (in Spanish). January 26, 2009. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  21. ^ "Todavía es un misterio el nuevo nombre del estadio de Calama". La Nación (in Spanish). April 9, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  22. ^ Mora, Sebastián (October 20, 2014). ""Zorros del desierto" es el nombre con el que se bautizará al nuevo estadio de Calama". 24Horas.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  23. ^ "Estadio "Zorros del Desierto", es el nuevo nombre que lleva el municipal" (PDF). Revista Sangre Naranja (in Spanish). November 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2016.[permanent dead link‍]
  24. ^ "Extienden plazo para postular nombres para el Estadio de Calama". Loactual (in Spanish). September 5, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  25. ^ Pinto, Neira, Ricardo (September 11, 2016). "Placas identificatorias en el Estadio Municipal". Mercurio de Calama (in Spanish). Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  26. ^ Grupo Copesa (January 6, 2015). "No habrá visita ilustre: Calama se queda sin la Selección Chilena". latercera.com. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved July 31, 2015.
  27. ^ Cociña Varas, Camila (November 30, 2011). "Estadios para Chile: lo que viene". Plataforma Urbana (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  28. ^ "Promesa de hacerle un estadio". El Mercurio de Calama (in Spanish). September 4, 2008. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  29. ^ Alvarado H., Paulo (May 11, 2009). "Confirman construcción de nuevo estadio para Calama". El Mercurio de Calama (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  30. ^ Butt Aguirre, Ivo (January 11, 2009). ""Habrá remodelación o estadio nuevo"". El Mercurio de Calama (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  31. ^ "Estadio Municipal sufre nuevo traspié". El Mercurio de Calama (in Spanish). November 1, 2010. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  32. ^ González, Carlos (May 2, 2011). "Presidente Piñera anuncia millonario plan para renovar estadios". Diarío La Tercera (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  33. ^ "Así lucirá el nuevo Estadio Municipal de Calama". El Nortero (in Spanish). July 4, 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  34. ^ Benoit, Olivia (January 28, 2013). "En Construcción Noticias: Se aprueba por completo el diseño del nuevo estadio de Calama". Plataforma Arquitectura (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  35. ^ Lepe, N. (November 16, 2012). "Construcción del nuevo estadio de Calama podría retrasarse por problemas en la licitación". Revista de Construcción (in Spanish). Archived from the original on September 19, 2016. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  36. ^ Centro Regional Antofagasta (January 30, 2012). "Comienza construcción de estadio de Calama". 24Horas.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  37. ^ "Remodelación del estadio de Calama ya tiene sus recursos". La Nación (in Spanish). April 22, 2013. Archived from the original on September 20, 2016. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  38. ^ "Estadio Municipal de Calama Registra un 40% de Avance en su Construcción". Region2.cl (in Spanish). November 22, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  39. ^ El Diario de AntofagastaAntofagasta (April 15, 2014). "Nuevo estadio de Calama ya es casi una realidad". Diario Antofagasta (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  40. ^ "Contratistas que bloquearon las puertas del estadio Municipal de Calama llegaron a acuerdo". Soychile.cl (in Spanish). May 9, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  41. ^ "Nuevo retraso en pagos a los trabajadores de obra del estadio municipal". Soychile.cl (in Spanish). July 10, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  42. ^ Centro Regional Antofagasta (September 12, 2013). "Calama: estadio sería inaugurado en noviembre". 24Horas.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  43. ^ Cooperativa.cl (November 19, 2013). "IND finiquitó contrato con empresa constructora del Estadio de Calama por incumplimiento". Cooperativa.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  44. ^ Cooperativa.cl (November 20, 2013). "IND se comprometió con el municipio de Calama para la entrega del Estadio Zorros del Desierto". Cooperativa.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  45. ^ "Sampaoli buscaría aprovechar la altura de Calama para las clasificatorias a Rusia 2018". Mega (in Spanish). October 12, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  46. ^ "Problemas en los baños retrasan inauguración de estadio de Calama". T13.cl (in Spanish). February 12, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  47. ^ "El estadio Zorros del Desierto se inaugura el 18 de abril con el partido Cobreloa-CDA". Soychile.cl (in Spanish). March 13, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
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  49. ^ "Cobreloa ganó en la inauguración del Zorros del Desierto y sueña con salvarse". El Gráfico (in Spanish). Retrieved September 19, 2016.
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