First Koizumi Cabinet

First Koizumi Cabinet
87th Cabinet of Japan
Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (front row, centre) with the newly-elected cabinet inside the Kantei, April 26, 2001
Date formed	April 26, 2001
Date dissolved	September 30, 2002
People and organisations
Head of state	Emperor Akihito
Head of government	Junichiro Koizumi
Member party	LDP-NKP-NCP coalition
Status in legislature	Coalition majority
Opposition party	Democratic Party of Japan
Opposition leader	Yukio Hatoyama (until December 10, 2002) Naoto Kan (from December 10, 2002)
History
Election	2001 councillors election
Predecessor	Second Mori Cabinet (Reshuffle after 2001 CGR)
Successor	First Koizumi Cabinet (First Reshuffle)

The First Koizumi Cabinet governed Japan from April 2001 until November 2003 under the leadership of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, who came to power after winning a surprise victory in the LDP presidential election of 2001.^[1] The cabinet continued the LDP-Komeito-NCP coalition and contained a record number of 5 women, including Makiko Tanaka as the first female Foreign Minister. Several ministers from the previous Mori Administration remained in office to ensure the continuity and stability of government.^[2] Unusually for an LDP leader, Koizumi chose his cabinet himself and personally asked ministers to join the government, unlike previous practice where party factional leaders often chose government posts.^[3]

Koizumi took office at a time of prolonged economic difficulties for Japan after the first "Lost Decade", including a banking sector affected by "bad loans". His policies promised bold structural reforms to economic, administrative and social policy using the slogans "reform with no sacred areas" and "without structural reforms there can be no economic recovery", explaining that he expected the country to endure short-term hardship, including higher unemployment, to make longer-term economic gains.^[4][5][6][7] Despite these promises of initial economic difficulties, the Koizumi cabinet enjoyed record popularity during its first year (reaching 90 percent in some polls), and the LDP gained several seats in the June 2001 upper house elections.^[8][9]

Koizumi's popularity declined significantly in early 2002 after he sacked Tanaka for disloyalty and for feuding with bureaucrats, and a series of scandals relating to the agriculture and foreign ministries came to light.^[10][11] In response, Koizumi ordered a quickening of the pace in terms of structural reform plans and made a highly publicised visit to North Korea in the autumn to discuss abducted Japanese citizens, which led to a recovery in his poll ratings.^{[12][13][14][15]} The first cabinet reshuffle then took place in September 2002 and did not bring about any major personnel changes, but did remove Financial Services Minister Hakuo Yanagisawa, who Koizumi felt was too timid on economic reform.^[16]

The second cabinet reshuffle took place in September 2003, following Koizumi's re-election as LDP leader by a large margin, and involved substantial changes including the promotion of the reformist Sadakazu Tanigaki to Finance Minister. Despite this, the key figures of Chief Cabinet Secretary Yasuo Fukuda and Economic and Fiscal Policy Minister Heizō Takenaka were kept in post.^[17][18] Koizumi then dissolved the Diet and called general elections in November 2003, which returned his coalition to office and led to the formation of the Second Koizumi Cabinet.^[19][20] The first Koizumi cabinet was the last to include the New Conservative Party as a coalition partner, which had declined in strength since its founding in April 2000 and finally merged with the LDP at Koizumi's suggestion after the 2003 election.^[21]

26 April 2001

House of Representatives Absolute majority (241/480) required
Choice		First Vote
		Votes
	YJunichiro Koizumi	287 / 480
	Yukio Hatoyama	127 / 480
	Ozawa Ichiro	22 / 480
	Shii Kazuo	20 / 480
	Takako Doi	19 / 480
	Abstentions (Including blank ballots)	5 / 480
Source Diet Minutes - 151st Session

  Liberal Democratic
  New Komeito
  New Conservative
  Independent
R = Member of the House of Representatives
C = Member of the House of Councillors

• January 30, 2002 - Foreign Minister Makiko Tanaka was dismissed following a series of leaks and public feuds with Foreign Ministry bureaucrats. Prime Minister Koizumi temporarily took over her duties until February 1, when Environment Minister Yoriko Kawaguchi was promoted as replacement. The senior Foreign Ministry official, Vice Minister Yoshiji Nogami was also removed.^[22]
• February 8, 2002 - Shortly after becoming Foreign Minister, Kawaguchi relinquished the Environment portfolio and was replaced by Hiroshi Ōki.

First Koizumi Cabinet (First Reshuffle)
87th Cabinet of Japan
Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (front row, centre) with his reshuffled cabinet inside the Kantei, September 30, 2002
Date formed	September 30, 2002
Date dissolved	September 22, 2003
People and organisations
Head of state	Emperor Akihito
Head of government	Junichiro Koizumi
Member party	LDP-NKP-NCP coalition
Status in legislature	Coalition majority
Opposition party	Democratic Party of Japan
Opposition leader	Yukio Hatoyama (until December 10, 2002) Naoto Kan (from December 10, 2002)
History
Election	2001 councillors election
Predecessor	First Koizumi Cabinet
Successor	First Koizumi Cabinet (Second Reshuffle)

• December 25, 2002 - The Conservative Party was dissolved and reformed as the New Conservative Party when some members of the Democratic Party defected and allied with the Conservatives. The party continued in coalition.^[23]
• April 1, 2003 - Agriculture Minister Tadamori Oshima resigned due to a bribery scandal involving a former aide, and was replaced with Yoshiyuki Kamei.^[24]

First Koizumi Cabinet (Second Reshuffle)
87th Cabinet of Japan
Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (front row, centre) with his reshuffled cabinet inside the Kantei, September 22, 2003
Date formed	September 22, 2003
Date dissolved	November 19, 2003
People and organisations
Head of state	Emperor Akihito
Head of government	Junichiro Koizumi
Member party	LDP-NKP-NCP coalition
Status in legislature	Coalition majority
Opposition party	Democratic Party of Japan
Opposition leader	Yukio Hatoyama (until December 10, 2002) Naoto Kan (from December 10, 2002)
History
Election	2001 councillors election
Predecessor	First Koizumi Cabinet (Second Reshuffle)
Successor	Second Koizumi Cabinet

• November 11, 2003 - After poor results in the general election, the New Conservative Party accepted Koizumi's suggestion that it merge with the LDP. The NCP formally dissolved on November 21.^[25]

• Lionheart or Paper Tiger? A First-Term Koizumi Retrospective (Paper assessing Koizumi's first term 2001-2003)

Pages at the Kantei (English website):

• Koizumi Administration
• List of Ministers
• List of Ministers (First Reshuffle)
• List of Ministers (Second Reshuffle)