View text source at Wikipedia

Gonzaga College High School

Gonzaga College High School
Location
Map
19 I Street Northwest

Washington, D.C.
20001

United States
Coordinates38°54′06″N 77°00′38″W / 38.90167°N 77.01056°W / 38.90167; -77.01056
Information
Former names
  • Washington Seminary
  • Gonzaga College
TypePrivate Catholic All-male college-preparatory day school
MottoLatin:
Ad maiorem Dei gloriam English:
For the Greater Glory of God
Religious affiliation(s)Roman Catholic (Jesuit)
Patron saint(s)St. Aloysius Gonzaga
Established1821 (204 years ago) (1821)
FounderAnthony Kohlmann, S.J.
School districtArchdiocese of Washington Catholic Schools[1]
CEEB code090085
PresidentFr. Joseph E. Lingan, S.J.[2]
HeadmasterThomas K. Every, II
Faculty81.1 (on an FTE basis) (2019–20)[3]
GenderAll-male
Enrollment964 (2019–20)[3]
 • Grade 9244
 • Grade 10248
 • Grade 11237
 • Grade 12235
Student to teacher ratio11.9 (2019–20)[3]
Color(s)Purple and white[4]
   
SongAlma mater
Athletics conferenceWCAC
Team nameEagles
AccreditationMSA[5]
PublicationThe Gonzaga Magazine
NewspaperThe Aquilian
Endowment$65,000,000[6]
Tuition$31,630[7]
Websitewww.gonzaga.org Edit this at Wikidata

Gonzaga College High School is a private Catholic college-preparatory high school for boys in Washington, D.C. Founded by the Jesuits in 1821 as the Washington Seminary, Gonzaga is named in honor of Aloysius Gonzaga, an Italian saint from the 16th century. Gonzaga is the oldest boys' high school in Washington, D.C.[8]

History

[edit]

Gonzaga was officially founded by Fr. Anthony Kohlmann, a Jesuit, in 1821, though there is some evidence the school began a few years earlier. It is the oldest educational facility in the original federal city of Washington and was at first called Washington Seminary, operating under the charter of Georgetown College (now Georgetown University), which was becoming too crowded for its space at the time.[8] Gonzaga's original location was on land offered to the Society of Jesus by William Matthews[9] on F Street near 10th Street, N.W., in a building adjoining Saint Patrick's Church. The purpose of this school was to train seminarians, but soon after opening, it began admitting lay students.[10] The school was immediately popular among Catholic families and was well enough known in its early years to attract the attention of President John Quincy Adams, who visited the school to test the boys' Latin and Greek. However, there were financial problems that caused the Jesuits to withdraw in 1827: their order prohibited the charging of tuition at a day school for youth. It continued to be run by laity until the Jesuits returned some twenty years later (with the ordinance regarding tuition changed); President Zachary Taylor presided at the commencement exercises in 1849.

In 1858, Gonzaga was granted its own charter by Congress as a college empowered to confer degrees in the arts and sciences, which accounts for its name (Gonzaga College) to this day. Although some students did receive bachelor's degrees in the 19th century, Gonzaga no longer confers degrees, other than honorary doctorates presented to commencement speakers or other notable guests. In 1871, the school moved to a building (now called Kohlmann Hall) in a neighborhood called Swampoodle located just north of the U.S. Capitol. It was located on the same block as St. Aloysius Church – built in 1859 and now on the U.S. Register of Historic Buildings with a high Roman Catholic population surrounding it. Enrollment declined owing to the distance of the new neighborhood from the center, but the Jesuits persevered and by the end of the 19th century the school was once again flourishing. A theater was built in 1896 and a large new classroom building (previously the Main Building and now called Dooley Hall) was opened in 1912.

John Gabriel Smith, Gonzaga's first African-American graduate, entered the school in 1951. He wanted to prepare to be a priest and none of the schools for black children offered the necessary prerequisites, including Latin. When he decided to try out for the varsity football team, the school was unable to schedule games against public schools, which were still segregated at the time. He was ultimately prevented from playing by an injury. He graduated in 1954.[11]

The curriculum of Gonzaga from its founding until the late 20th century was at once rigorously classical and emphatically Catholic. Mastery of Latin and deep involvement in the Catholic religion were at its core. Standards were high, and many hopeful boys who lacked the necessary qualities for success were denied admittance. To this day, Gonzaga admits approximately one third of applicants.

Gonzaga benefited greatly from the fact that the row houses built in Swampoodle were largely occupied by Irish Catholics from the late 19th century on. Although Gonzaga always drew students from other parts of the city as well, the departure of the Swampoodle Irish for the suburbs in the mid-20th century, and more especially their replacement by poorer non-Catholics, brought on another period of difficulties. A decline in enrollment and the great inner-city riot of 1968 led some to suggest that Gonzaga should be closed, or moved to a more affluent area. However, the Jesuits once again persisted and the school survived. In the last years of the 20th century Gonzaga expanded, adding several new buildings and a large playing field and field house. By 2007 Gonzaga had regained its former status and a Wall Street Journal editorial referred to it as "the premier Catholic high school of Washington."[12]

St. Aloysius

[edit]
Main article: St. Aloysius Church (Washington, D.C.)
Clocktower of St. Aloysius Church

St. Aloysius is a parish church physically attached to Gonzaga through the entrance building Dooley Hall. The church was built in 1859. It is used for Masses, concerts, some school assemblies, and graduation. The large painting above the altar is the work of Constantino Brumidi, famous for painting the frescoes on the interior of the United States Capitol dome.

Athletics

[edit]
Gonzaga hosts Peddie School for a 2018 football game

Gonzaga's athletic teams are called the Eagles. Gonzaga fields seventeen different varsity teams,[13] most of which compete in the Washington Catholic Athletic Conference.

The Gonzaga lacrosse team has won the WCAC Boy's Lacrosse championship 14 times, most recently in 2024. They have finished ranked #1 in the year end rankings of The Washington Post five separate times.


The Gonzaga soccer team won four consecutive WCAC championships from 2007 to 2010,[14] and is consistently one of the best teams in the Washington area.[15] They added additional championships in 2012, 2016, and 2017, beating national powerhouse DeMatha Catholic in each.[16]

Gonzaga rugby has won 12 consecutive Potomac Rugby Union Championships and finished the 2010 season ranked #2 in the nation. In the middle of the 2011 season, Gonzaga beat the #1 ranked team in the nation and rival, Xavier, and became the #1 team in the nation. During the 2011 National Championship in Salt Lake City, Utah, Gonzaga finished 3rd. The Eagles won the High School Rugby National Championship in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018.[17] In 2023, Eye St Rugby won their 5th National Championship,[18] and received the newly named Lee Kelly Memorial Cup, named in honor of long time Gonzaga coach Lee Kelly.

The Gonzaga crew team won the Stotesbury Cup Regatta on the Schuylkill River, Philadelphia in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016. Runner up years include: 2009, 2017, 2018, and 2023.[19]

Out of the past 17 seasons (2000-2016) Gonzaga Cross Country has finished in first, second, or third place in the WCAC Championship race every time. The team won the WCAC championship in 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2012. Additionally, in 2010 the Gonzaga Cross Country team won the "triple crown" with first-place finishes in the WCAC Championship, the MD/DC Private/Independent Schools Championship, and the Jesuit Championship. The Eagles XC squad has won the Jesuit Championships in 1987, 2002, 2009, 2010, and 2016. The team also added their first victory at the DC State Championships during the 2016 season. 2016 marked another milestone for Gonzaga Cross Country. The JV Boys team managed to complete the "triple crown", winning the JV WCAC Championship, the JV MD/DC Private/Independent Schools Championship, and the JV Jesuit Championship.[20][21]

Varsity 2 hockey won their respective Mid Atlantic Prep Hockey League (MAPHL) “A” league in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Varsity 1 hockey won their “AA” division in 2017 and 2018. Gonzaga is the first school in MAPHL history to have a back-to-back sweep of both divisions in two consecutive years. In the 2018–2019 season, Varsity 1 defeated Spaulding 5–1 to win their third straight MAPHL AA championship, a huge accomplishment for a team with two freshman goalies that year.

Buchanan Field is the home field for football and lacrosse and also serves as the practice facility for rugby, soccer and track and field. The Carmody Center hosts basketball and select wrestling matches. Old Gym is the wrestling home match site. The Fort Dupont Ice Arena hosts ice hockey games. Gravelly Point is the home grounds for rugby matches and Long Bridge Park is the home facility for soccer games. The game and practice venue for baseball is located at the Washington Nationals Youth Academy.[22]

List of presidents

[edit]
No. Name Years Ref.
Presidents of the Washington Seminary
1 Anthony Kohlmann SJ 1821–1824 [23]
2 Adam Marshall SJ 1824–1825 [24]
3 William Matthews SJ 1824–1848 [25]
4 Jeremiah Keiley SJ 1826–1827 [25]
5 John E. Blox SJ 1848–1851 [26]
6 Samuel Barber SJ 1851–1854 [27]
7 Hippolyte J. De Neckere SJ 1854–1857 [28]
8 Burchard Villiger SJ 1857–1858 [29]
Presidents of Gonzaga College
9 Charles H. Stonestreet SJ 1858–1860 [30]
10 William Francis Clarke SJ 1860–1861 [31]
11 Bernardin F. Wiget SJ 1861–1868 [32]
12 James Clark SJ 1868–1874 [33]
13 Charles K. Jenkins SJ 1874–1881 [34]
14 Robert J. Fulton SJ 1881–1882 [35]
15 John J. Murphy SJ 1882–1885 [36]
16 Edward A. McGurk SJ 1885–1890 [37]
17 Cornelius Gillespie SJ 1890–1898 [38]
18 John F. Galligan SJ 1898–1899 [39]
19 Edward X. Fink SJ 1899–1907 [40]
20 Joseph J. Himmel SJ 1907–1908 [41]
21 Charles W. Lyons SJ 1908–1909 [42]
22 Eugene De L. McDonnell SJ 1909–1915 [43]
23 Francis P. Donnelly SJ 1915–1916 [44]
24 Paul R. Conniff SJ 1916–1922 [45]
25 John C. Geale SJ 1922–1927 [46]
26 Michael F. Fitzpatrick SJ 1927–1932 [47]
27 Lawrence J. Kelly SJ 1932–1938 [48]
28 Henri J. Wiesel SJ 1938–1944 [49]
Presidents of Gonzaga College High School
29 Cornelius J. Gargan SJ 1944– [50]
William F. Graham SJ 1965–1968 [51]
34 Allen Paul Novotny SJ 1994–2010 [52]
35 Joseph E. Lingan SJ 2010–2011 [53]
36 Stephen W. Planning SJ 2011–2021 [53]
37 Joseph E. Lingan SJ 2021–present

Notable faculty

[edit]

Notable alumni

[edit]

Academia

[edit]

Arts and entertainment

[edit]

Athletes

[edit]

Business

[edit]

Journalism and publishing

[edit]

Military

[edit]

Politics and law

[edit]

Science

[edit]

Others

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ "Find a School". Archdiocese of Washington Catholic Schools.
  2. ^ "President's Welcome". www.gonzaga.org. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  3. ^ a b c "Search for Private Schools – School Detail for Gonzaga College High School". National Center for Education Statistics. Institute of Education Sciences. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
  4. ^ "TCU Brand Central: University Color". TCU. Archived from the original on October 14, 2022. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  5. ^ MSA-CSS. "MSA-Commission on Secondary Schools". Archived from the original on July 12, 2009. Retrieved June 23, 2009.
  6. ^ "Gonzaga College High School | Case Studies | Orr Group".
  7. ^ "Gonzaga College High School | Tuition And Financial Aid(2024) | Washington, DC". February 10, 2024.
  8. ^ a b Gonzaga College (1897). Sketch of Gonzaga College from its Foundation in 1821 till the Celebration of the Diamond Jubilee in 1896.
  9. ^ Durkin, Joseph Thomas (1963). William Matthews: Priest and Citizen. New York: Benziger Brothers. pp. 83–86. LCCN 64001710. OCLC 558792300.
  10. ^ Buckley, Cornelius Michael (2013). Stephen Larigaudelle Dubuisson, S.J. (1786–1864) and the Reform of the American Jesuits. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America. p. 101. ISBN 9780761862321. Archived from the original on September 9, 2018. Retrieved March 15, 2018 – via Google Books.
  11. ^ Farquhar, Michael (June 7, 1999). "At Gonzaga High, Crossing the Great Divide". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
  12. ^ "History of Gonzaga". April 15, 2007. Archived from the original on April 15, 2007. Retrieved July 26, 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  13. ^ "Gonzaga Athletics". Gonzaga College High School. Archived from the original on June 14, 2016.
  14. ^ "SI's Top 25 High School Athletic programs - High School Sports". The Smoakhouse Forums. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  15. ^ "Washington Catholic Athletic Conference". Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  16. ^ "Washington Catholic Athletic Conference". Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  17. ^ "Boys Nationals - Meaning and Opportunity". Goff Rugby Report. May 26, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  18. ^ Goff, Alex (June 2023). "Keep Loose, Embrace the Target, Set Standards: Gonzaga's Run to #1". Goff Rugby Report. Goff Rugby. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  19. ^ "Winners: Previous Years". Stotesbury Cup Regatta. February 19, 2015. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  20. ^ "Historical results and records - GCHS cross country". sites.google.com. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  21. ^ "WCAC XC Championships - Meet Results". MileStat.com. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  22. ^ "Gonzaga Athletics: Game & Practice East Potomac Park is the home for the tennis team. Locations". gonzaganc.org. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
  23. ^ Hill 1922, p. 17
  24. ^ Hill 1922, p. 27
  25. ^ a b Hill 1922, p. 33
  26. ^ Hill 1922, p. 40
  27. ^ Hill 1922, p. 49
  28. ^ Hill 1922, p. 54
  29. ^ Hill 1922, p. 58
  30. ^ Hill 1922, p. 61
  31. ^ Hill 1922, p. 73
  32. ^ Hill 1922, p. 77
  33. ^ Hill 1922, p. 88
  34. ^ Hill 1922, p. 97
  35. ^ Hill 1922, p. 102
  36. ^ Hill 1922, p. 111
  37. ^ Hill 1922, p. 119
  38. ^ Hill 1922, p. 130
  39. ^ Hill 1922, p. 166
  40. ^ Hill 1922, p. 174
  41. ^ Hill 1922, p. 201
  42. ^ Hill 1922, p. 210
  43. ^ Hill 1922, p. 215
  44. ^ Hill 1922, p. 255
  45. ^ Hill 1922, p. 260
  46. ^ "Dr. Geale to Succeed Dr. Conniff at Gonzaga: Pastor of Holy Trinity, Georgetown, to Be Replaced by Dr. Smith, of Philadelphia". The Washington Post. July 14, 1922. p. 7.
  47. ^ "New Chief Selected At Gonzaga College". The Washington Post. October 12, 1927. p. 20.
  48. ^ "New St. Aloysius' Pastor Appointed: Rev. Lawrence J. Kelly Succeeds Father Fitzpatrick in Post". The Washington Post. September 26, 1932.
  49. ^ "Father Wiesel Is Appointed to Head Gonzaga: Succeeds Rev. L.J. Kelly, Who Goes to Jesuit Seminary". The Washington Post. August 1, 1938.
  50. ^ "News from the Field". Jesuit Educational Quarterly. VII (2): 125–127. October 1, 1944. Archived from the original on November 27, 2019. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
  51. ^ Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Housing and Urban Affairs. Washington, D.C. 1968. Archived from the original on November 27, 2019. Retrieved November 27, 2019.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  52. ^ "Father Novotny, Baltimore native, left mark on Jesuit education". The Catholic Review. January 19, 2019. Archived from the original on November 27, 2019. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
  53. ^ a b "Rev. Stephen Planning, S.J., Named Thirty-Sixth President of Gonzaga". The Good News from Nineteen Eye Street. Spring 2011. pp. 2–3. Retrieved November 27, 2019 – via issuu.
  54. ^ "Former Head of Loyola Dies". The Baltimore Sun. March 24, 1951. p. 6. Archived from the original on January 30, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2020.
  55. ^ "History of WJU - 1960's". Wheeling Jesuit University. Archived from the original on August 5, 2019. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  56. ^ Goundrey, Mary (March 23, 2004). "Fitzgerald, 82, Dies Of Heart Failure". The Hoya.
  57. ^ Colman McCarthy (July 5, 2016). "His teaching swelled the waters of learning". The National Catholic Reporter Publishing Co.
  58. ^ "Fr. O'Leary Takes Post as President of Georgetown U." The Catholic Transcript. Vol. XXXVIII, no. 26. November 28, 1935. pp. 1, 5. Archived from the original on September 17, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2019. Conspicuous among the special guests was the Rev. Laurence J. Kelly, S.J., president of Gonzaga College in Washington, which is Father O'Leary's alma mater.
  59. ^ Brown, DeNeen (April 29, 2011). "For Michael Bobbitt, all the world is a stage for children's theater". The Washington Post.
  60. ^ a b c Kelly, John (April 16, 2012). "Gonzaga College High's 116-year-old theater gets a long-overdue renovation". The Washington Post.
  61. ^ Andrea Sachs (April 20, 2016). "Washington's Owen Danoff performs on his biggest stage yet: 'The Voice'". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
  62. ^ Falconer, Daniel (April 15, 2014). "Demetrius Grosse exclusive interview: talks Banshee, personal life & more". Female First.
  63. ^ Emily Heil; Elizabeth Brotherton (September 12, 2008). "Heard on the Hill: And It's Not Even Spring". Roll Call. Hallisay graduated from Gonzaga College High School in 1996 and spent summers toiling on Capitol Hill.
  64. ^ "John Heard, actor who played an absent-minded father in 'Home Alone,' dies at 71". The Washington Post. July 23, 2017.
  65. ^ Riess, Mike (December 9, 2017). "Johnson Bademosi thankful for opportunities football has given him". ESPN.
  66. ^ Barr, Josh (November 25, 2011). "Gonzaga All-Met guard Nate Britt to announce college choice Tuesday". The Washington Post.
  67. ^ "Mike Banner". MLSsoccer.com. Major League Soccer. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  68. ^ Davis, Craig (February 5, 2020). "Md. native Cloherty eyes title with Colts". The Baltimore Sun.
  69. ^ "Player Bio: Curome Cox". UMTerps Football. University of Maryland. April 9, 2013.
  70. ^ a b c d Bracken, Matt (February 20, 2008). "ADVERTISEMENT Big game forged Haynos' path to pros". The Baltimore Sun. Traditionally, Gonzaga had a strong record of producing Division I football players. The program has even sent a few to the NFL, most notably Roman Oben, a 12-year veteran and member of the 2002 Super Bowl champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers, former Notre Dame standout and NFL wide receiver Malcolm Johnson and most recently, ex-Terps defensive back and current Houston Texans safety Curome Cox.
  71. ^ Kolenich, Eric (June 20, 2012). "Benedictine names Churchwell its new basketball coach". Richmond Times-Dispatch.
  72. ^ Smith, Cam (June 3, 2019). "Olu Fashanu, 4-star OL, commits to Penn State". USA Today. Retrieved November 5, 2022.
  73. ^ Parker, Brandon (April 22, 2013). "NFL draft: Gonzaga alum A.J. Francis works to catch league's attention". The Washington Post.
  74. ^ "UVa Lacrosse: Family Affair for Gladings". Virginia Sports. April 18, 2014.
  75. ^ a b Rohrbach, Ben (February 22, 2012). "D.C. Boys Soccer POY: Ian Harkes". ESPN.
  76. ^ Greenya, John (February 1, 2004). "Black Man on a White Field". The Washington Post Magazine.
  77. ^ Martin, Kimberly A. (April 6, 2018). "Redskins add depth to QB room, bring former Gonzaga star Kevin Hogan home". The Washington Post.
  78. ^ Halley, Jim (April 5, 2016). "Villlanova hero Kris Jenkins' high school coach has seen that shot before". USA Today.
  79. ^ Ratcliffe, Jerry (July 12, 2007). "UVA FOOTBALL: Johnson makes commitment". Charlottesville Daily Progress.
  80. ^ "Nick Morabito '22 named DC Baseball Gatorade Player of the Year". Gonzaga College High School. June 3, 2022.
  81. ^ Gearan, John W. (Fall 2010). "Calling Patriot Place". Holy Cross Magazine. Vol. 44, no. 4.
  82. ^ Wilbon, Michael (January 23, 2003). "Oben's History Lesson". The Washington Post.
  83. ^ McClain, Buzz (August 23, 2019). "Auto king Paul Sheehy is bringing a professional rugby team to the region". Northern Virginia Magazine.
  84. ^ Sell, Dave (October 1, 1985). "Sluby Decides to Trade Basketball for Books". The Washington Post.
  85. ^ Huff, Donald (March 10, 1983). "John Thompson III: Son Breaks Through at Gonzaga". The Washington Post.
  86. ^ "Tyler Thornton - Assistant Coach/Director of Player Development - Staff Directory". Howard University Athletics.
  87. ^ "The Honorable Jack Farley to Serve as Keynote Speaker at 70th Annual Father-Son Communion Breakfast". Gonzaga College High School. April 2019.
  88. ^ Heath, Thomas (March 3, 2016). "James V. Kimsey, a co-founder of AOL, dies at 76". The Washington Post.
  89. ^ "Bob Considine Papers". Syracuse University. 1956.
  90. ^ Conroy, Pat (December 26, 2002). "Indelible Memories Of Gonzaga". The Washington Post.
  91. ^ Ferdin, Pamela (June 23, 2001). "A Historian's Embellished Life". The Washington Post.
  92. ^ Kurtz, Howard (April 5, 2003). "Post Columnist Dies in Wreck Near Baghdad". The Washington Post.
  93. ^ Cheever, Susan (January 27, 1985). "At home, Words Failed Them". The New York Times.
  94. ^ Rasmussen, Frederick N. (April 30, 2011). "Mourning the loss of a Sun colleague". The Baltimore Sun.
  95. ^ "Local Intelligence: Gonzaga College". Evening Star. Washington, DC. July 7, 1858. p. 3 – via Newspapers.com.
  96. ^ Thayer, Bill (February 20, 2014). "John M. K. Davis in Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the United States Military Academy, Volumes III-VI". Bill Thayer's Web Site. Chicago, IL: Bill Thayer. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  97. ^ "Major General John R. Ewers Jr". Headquarters Marine Corps. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015 – via www.hqmc.marines.mil.
  98. ^ "Gonzaga College High School Athletic Hall of Fame". Gonzaga College High School. Archived from the original on January 10, 2014.
  99. ^ Lengel, Allan (July 6, 2005). "Navy SEAL From the District Died Leading Rescue Mission". The Washington Post.
  100. ^ "General John Michael Loh". Biographies. U.S. Air Force. July 1, 1995.
  101. ^ Kozaryn, Linda D. (July 8, 2002). "Bush Awards Medal of Honor to Vietnam War Hero". American Forces Press Service. Archived from the original on September 30, 2017. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  102. ^ Weiser, Benjamin (May 20, 1981). "Reagan Nominates Belson to D.C. Court of Appeals". The Washington Post.
  103. ^ Truehart, Charles (July 11, 1989). "William Bennett's Straight Line". The Washington Post.
  104. ^ Rosenfeld, Megan (January 18, 1990). "Don Beyer, Fresh Off The Lot". The Washington Post.
  105. ^ Bernstein, Richard (March 24, 1996). "Patrick J. Buchanan: The Roots of a Populist Who Would Be President". The New York Times. p. 28.
  106. ^ Baer, Susan (May 3, 2011). "Who is Ken Cuccinelli?". Washingtonian Magazine.
  107. ^ Kelly, Jacques (April 20, 2017). "Lawrence J. Hogan Sr., former congressman and father of governor, dies". Baltimore Sun.
  108. ^ "Patrick N. Hogan". Maryland Manual On-Line. Maryland State Archives. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  109. ^ Dessauer, Carin. "Born to Run". Bethesda Magazine. No. November–December 2008.
  110. ^ Feinberg, Lawrence (June 24, 1989). "Private Schools for Pols' Kids". The Washington Post.
  111. ^ "ROACH, William Nathaniel (1840-1902)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  112. ^ Lyons, Patrick J. (September 27, 2016). "Charles L. Schultze, 91, Dies; Advised Presidents on Economic Policy". The New York Times.
  113. ^ Adams, Mason (October 21, 2009). "Contrasts sharp in attorney general race". Roanoke Times.
  114. ^ "News of Alumni". Gonzaga Magazine Winter 2021-2022.
  115. ^ "E. Gregory Wells". Maryland Manual On-Line. Maryland State Archives. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
  116. ^ Biographical Memoirs: Elliott Coues (PDF). National Academy of Sciences. June 1909. pp. 397–446.
  117. ^ "Astronaut Bio: Benjamin Alvin Drew". NASA. Archived from the original on March 28, 2009. Retrieved April 30, 2007.
  118. ^ Glenn, James R. (2000). "Pilling, James Constantine (1846-1895)". American National Biography. doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1400475.
  119. ^ Kreuz, Greta (April 22, 2011). "Pssht... the Lincoln conspirators were here". WJLA News.
  120. ^ Moore, Roger (February 16, 2007). "Real-world counterespionage powers spy thriller 'Breach'". Orlando Sentinel. Chicago Tribune.

Sources

[edit]
[edit]