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Help:IPA/Welsh

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Welsh language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Welsh phonology and Welsh orthography for a more thorough look at the sounds of Welsh.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximations
b bach, cwbl, mab be
d dydd, cadw, tad do
dʒ joio, garej, diengyd (colloquial) just
ð ddoe, deuddeg, bedd wither
f ffenest, ei phen, cyffro, corff find
ɡ glân, cegin, cig get
h haul, gwahanol have
j iaith, geiriadur you
k cig, acw, ac sky, cool
l leicio, Alban, bol like
ɬ llaw, cyllell No English equivalent; similar to the voiceless l in please but with considerably more friction
m mab, cymaint, dim me
m̥ fy mhen, ym Mhen-y-bont me but whispered
n nerth, anadlu, gwyn no
n̥ fy nhad, yn Nhywyn no, but whispered
ŋ fy ngwely, trengi, rhwng thing
ŋ̊ fy nghŵn, yng Nghymru thing but whispered
p pen, copa, map open
r radio, garw, dŵr right but trilled
r̥ rhestr, anrheg right but trilled and whispered
s Saesnes, swsus see
ʃ siarad, siop, brwsh she
t tatws, at stop
tʃ tsieini, wats chance
θ thus, athro, peth think
v faint, afal, arf very
w wedyn, ei wraig, gwlân was
χ chwaer, tuchan, bwlch Scottish loch but further back
Vowels
Monophthongs
IPA Examples English approximations
NW SW
a sant, pàs pasta
aː mab, sâl pasta but longer
ɛ perth, mès well
eː peth, trên Scottish may
ə cymydog, rỳg about
ɪ ɪ tipyn, sgìl it
ɨ punt, gwyn roses
iː iː hir, tîm be
ɨː llun, bûm, rhy, tŷ roses but longer
ɔ bron, glòs off
oː bro, ôl raw
ʊ cwm, mẁg put
uː cwch, dŵr pool
Diphthongs
ai ai tai eye
aɨ cau, nesáu pie
aːɨ hael, cae Yael
aːi Cymraeg
au llaw around
ɛu llew Italian, Portuguese and Spanish Europa
ɛi[1] ɛi[1] Seisnig pain
eɨ gwneud
əu bywyd Received Pronunciation toe
ɪu ɪu lliw Cockney till
ɨu Duw, menyw
ɔi ɔi osgoi boy
ɔɨ coeden soil
ʊɨ ʊi mwy, gŵyl Louie
Other symbols used in transcription of Welsh pronunciation
IPA Explanation
ˈ Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable, for example cymydog [kəˈmədɔɡ])

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b The diphthongs that were historically [əi, əɨ] now begin with a more front vowel [ɛ ~ e] for most speakers. Transcription styles in sources vary but are most often transcribed with [ɛi, ɛɨ] on Wikipedia.