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This is a list of spies who engaged in direct espionage. It includes Americans spying against their own country and people spying on behalf of the United States.
American Revolution era spies
[edit]Spied for the Patriots
[edit]- Hercules Mulligan
- Abraham Woodhull
- Benjamin Edes
- Nathan Hale
- Benjamin Tallmadge
- Caleb Brewster
- William H. Dobbs (Captain)[1]
- Clément Gosselin
- Daniel Bissell
- David Henley
- Enoch Crosby
- Ethan Allen
- Filippo Mazzei
- Henry K. Van Rensselaer
- John Brown of Pittsfield
- John Champe
- John Clark
- John Honeyman
- John Laurens
- Jonathan L. Austin
- Lydia Darrah
- Paul Revere
- Pierre Ayotte
- Silas Deane
- Van Rensselaer's Regiment
- William Bingham[2]
Culper Ring
[edit]Spied for the Crown
[edit]Double agents
[edit]American Civil War era spies
[edit]Union spies
[edit]Confederate spies
[edit]- Alexander Keith, Jr.
- Annie Jones[citation needed]
- Antonia Ford
- Belle Boyd
- Confederate Signal Bureau
- David Owen Dodd
- Dr. William Joseph Heacker[3]
- Henry Thomas Harrison
- James Dunwoody Bulloch
- John Yates Beall
- Richard Thomas (Zarvona)
- Sarah Ewing Sims Carter Gaut
- Rose O'Neal Greenhow
- Sarah Slater[4][5]
- Thomas A. Jones
- Thomas Harbin[6]
- Thomas Jordan
- Virginia Bethel Moon
- William Bryant
- William Norris
American World War One era spies
[edit]American World War Two era spies
[edit]American Cold War era spies
[edit]Spied for America
[edit]- Aleksandr Dmitrievich Ogorodnik
- Arkady Shevchenko
- Boris Morros
- Boris Yuzhin
- Francis Gary Powers
- Gerry Droller
- Heinz Barwich
- John Birch
- Miles Copeland, Jr.
- Milton Bearden
- Nicholas Shadrin
- Otto von Bolschwing
- Peter Burke, 1979 secretary in the US embassy in Poland
- Philip Agee
- Robert Baer
- Ruth Fischer
- Yosef Amit
- Yuri Nosenko
- Oleg Penkovsky
- Valery Martinov
- Vitaly Yurchenko
- Dmitri Polyakov
- Oleg Gordievsky
- Adolf Tolkachev
Spied for USSR
[edit]- Agnes Smedley
- Al Sarant
- Alan Nunn May
- Aldrich Ames
- Alexander Koral
- Alexander Ulanovsky
- Alfred Tilton
- Allan Robert Rosenberg
- Anatole Volkov
- Anatoly Gorsky
- Arthur Adams
- Arvid Jacobson
- Bela Gold
- Bill Weisband
- Boris Morros
- Charles Kramer
- David Greenglass
- Donald Niven Wheeler
- Donald Heathfield[9]
- Earl Browder
- Elizabeth Zarubina
- Frank Coe
- George Koval
- George Silverman
- Harold Glasser
- Harry Dexter White
- Harry Gold
- Harry Magdoff
- Hede Massing
- Helen Silvermaster
- Herbert Fuchs
- Irving Kaplan
- Irving Lerner
- Jacob Golos
- Jane Foster Zlatovski
- John Abt
- John Herrmann
- John Anthony Walker
- Julian Wadleigh
- Juliet Stuart Poyntz
- Julius Rosenberg
- Ethel Rosenberg
- Klaus Fuchs
- Lauchlin Currie
- Lee Pressman
- Lona Cohen
- Louis F. Budenz
- Martha Dodd Stern
- Michael Lance Walker, son of John Anthony Walker
- Morris Cohen
- Morton Sobell
- Nathan Gregory Silvermaster
- Nathan Witt
- Nathaniel Weyl
- Noel Field
- Reino Häyhänen
- Robert Hanssen
- Russell Alton McNutt
- Saville Sax
- Solomon Adler aka Schlomer Adler
- Sonia Steinman Gold
- Theodore Hall
- Tracey Foley[9]
- Victor Perlo
- Vilyam Genrikhovich Fisher
- Vincent Reno
- Ward Pigman
- Whittaker Chambers
- William Henry Taylor
- William August Fisher aka Adolf Ivanovich Abel
- William "Lud" Ullman
Spied for Vietnam
[edit]Spied for Israel
[edit]Post-Cold War spies
[edit]Spied on Iran for America
[edit]Spied on Russia for America
[edit]Spied on America for Russia
[edit]- The Russian 10 from the Illegals Program - included: Richard and Cynthia Murphy, Juan Lazaro, Vicky Peláez and Anna Chapman[13]
Spied on America for China
[edit]Spied on America for Cuba
[edit]- Carlos Alvarez
- Elsa Alvarez
- Ana Montes
- Kendall Myers
- Gwendolyn Myers
- Victor Manuel Rocha (US ambassador)[14]
- Wasp Network
Spied on America for South Africa
[edit]Spied on Cuba for America
[edit]American Gulf War era spies
[edit]Americans who spied for foreign countries
[edit]CIA
[edit]NSA
[edit]FBI
[edit]Defense Intelligence Agency
[edit]Armed Forces
[edit]Federal contractors
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Fitzpatrick, John C. (January 1939). The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources 1745-1799 Volume 12 June 1, 1778-September 30, 1778. Best Books on. p. 182. ISBN 162376422X.
- ^ Franklin Ben; and Morris, Robert (1776-07-08). "The Committee of Secret Correspondence to [Silas Deane]". "Philadelphia, July 8th, 1776." "Reprinted from The North American and United States Gazette (Philadelphia), October 12, 1855." Retrieved from http://franklinpapers.org/franklin/framedVolumes.jsp?vol=22&page=665a.
- ^ Confederate Veteran, Volume 24. S.A. Cunningham, 1916. p. 328.
- ^ Swanson, James L., Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase for Lincoln's Killer. New York, HarperCollins, 2006, pp.167, 256.
- ^ Tonia J. Smith. "Sarah Slater". osu.edu.
- ^ Swanson, James L., Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase for Lincoln's Killer. New York, HarperCollins, 2006, p. 258f.
- ^ a b c d Cochran, John (14 August 2008). "Julia Child Dished Out ... Spy Secrets?". abcnews.go.com.
- ^ "Swiss-born WWII hero to be buried at Arlington National Cemetery". nydailynews.com. March 11, 2013.
- ^ a b Walker, Shaun (7 May 2016). "The day we discovered our parents were Russian spies". The Guardian.
- ^ The Jonathan Pollard Case. http://www.crimelibrary.com/terrorists_spies/spies/pollard/11.html Retrieved August 14, 2014. Archived January 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 4spiritoftruthsays (7 June 2012). "Russian colonel was 'most successful CIA spy' in recent years". intelnews.org.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Russian colonel convicted of spying for U.S." cbsnews.com. 31 May 2012.
- ^ "FBI: 10 Russian Spies Arrested in U.S." cbsnews.com. 28 June 2010.
- ^ https://www.wsj.com/world/americas/ex-u-s-ambassador-charged-as-secret-agent-for-cuba-08c06b2f [bare URL]
- ^ "Ana Montes: Cuban Spy". Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved 2016-12-05.
Further reading
[edit]- Mashbir, Colonel Sidney (2019). I Was an American Spy - 65th Anniversary Edition. California: Horizon Productions. pp. This autobiography is like a course in military intelligence. ISBN 978-0-9903349-9-6.