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List of video connectors

Main article: Video

This is a list of physical RF and video connectors and related video signal standards.

Common display interfaces, to scale

By signal standard

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Signal standard name Introduction year Connector Type Max. resolution

(X-px × Y-px (i) @ Z-Hz)

Used for Notes
Composite video 1956[1] 1 RCA, BNC, TV Aerial Plug, Mini-VGA, DIN 5-pin,[2] SCART 21-pin Analog 576 lines tv compatible

625 lines tv compatible

Consumer electronics, including VCR and LaserDisc, 1970–1980s home computers like the VIC-20, 1980s–1990s video game consoles, some laptops, some single-board computers like the Raspberry Pi Used with PAL, NTSC or SECAM color.
RGBS 1977 SCART 21-pin (a.ka. Peritel), JP-21 Consumer electronics, Early home computers such as Commodore Amiga, Acorn Archimedes and various gaming consoles such as the Mega Drive and Super NES SCART is a European "unified" A/V interface for bi-directional stereo audio, composite video and s-video, and unidirectional RGBS and data. YPBPR is also available in some non-standard set-ups via the RGB pins.
S-Video (a.k.a. separate video, split video, super-video, and Y/C) 1979 1 Mini-DIN 4-pin, 1 Mini-DIN 7-pin, 1 Mini-VGA, 2 BNC, 2 RCA connectors, 8-pin DIN,[2] SCART 21-pin S-VHS, some laptop computers, analog broadcast video, 1980-1990s home computers including the Commodore 64, C128 and Atari 8-bit computers The 4-pin mini-DIN that is most common in consumer products today debuted in JVC's 1987 S-VHS. The 7-pin mini-DIN is commonly used on laptops. Used with PAL, NTSC or SECAM color. Where two connectors are used, they are labeled Chroma and Luma.
MDA 1981 DE-9 Digital 720 × 350 @ 50, Text only IBM PC, PC/XT, PC/AT and compatibles
RGBI (CGA) 640 × 200 @ 60
DE-9
HGC 1982 DE-9[3] 720 × 348 @ 50
EGA 1984 DE-9 640 × 350 @ 60
Amiga video 1985 DB23 Both, GenLock 1280 × 400/512 @ 30/25 Commodore Amiga Similar to SCART, but also includes a digital RGBI signal, Genlock clock, composite sync and +12/+5VDC power [4]
RGBHV 1987 VGA connector (DE-15/HD-15), DE-9, separate BNC connectors, Mini-VGA, DVI/Mini-DVI/Micro-DVI. Analog 2048 × 1536 @ 85[5] The VGA connector was Introduced with IBM x86 machines, but became a universal analog display interface. Display Data Channel was later added to allow monitors to identify themselves to graphic cards, and graphic cards to modify monitor settings. Successor analog protocols include SVGA, XGA, etc. DVI is a more modern digital alternative. Where BNC is used, available as 3 connectors with Sync on Green, or 5 connector Red / Green / Blue / Horizontal Sync / Vertical sync.
Mac-II/Quadra DA15F 1152 × 870 @ 75[6] Macintosh Mac-DA15F and Sun-13W3 were similar in capability to VGA. Some Sun machines used 4 or 5 BNC connectors to transfer video signal.
1990 13W3 DB13W3 1152 × 900 @ 76 Workstations. Sun, SGI et al.
Gigabit Video Interface (GVIF) 1996 Digital Automotive Sony proprietary
OpenLDI 1998 MDR36 LVDS Digital
YPBPR (a.k.a. component video) 1990s 3 RCA or BNC connectors, Apple-AAUI, D-Terminal, SCART 21-pin Analog 1920 × 1080 @ 60[7] Consumer electronics Also referred to as Component video and YUV

D-Terminal uses voltage levels to signal resolution.

Digital Visual Interface (DVI) 1999 DVI, Mini-DVI, Micro-DVI Both 2560 × 1600 @ 60 3840 × 2400 @ 33 Video cards Almost a ubiquitous computer display link. Uncompressed video only. High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) encryption is optional.
2000 Apple Display Connector (ADC) 2560 × 1600 @ 60 Apple Inc. Macintoshes and monitors Proprietary connector designed to combine DVI-I, USB, and monitor power
Serial digital interface (SDI) 2003 BNC Digital From 143 Mbit/s to 12 Gbit/s, depending on variant. 480i, 576i, 480p, 576p, 720p, 1080i, 1080p, UHDTV1, UHDTV2 Broadcast video. Variants include SD-SDI, HD-SDI, Dual Link HD-SDI, 3G-SDI, 6G-SDI, 12G-SDI.[8]
High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) 2003 19 pin HDMI
Type A/C		 10240 x 4320 @ 120

(version 2.1) [9]

Many A/V systems and video cards (including motherboards with IGP) High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) encryption is mandatory.
DisplayPort 2007 20-pin (external)
32-pin (internal) 		LVDS

Digital

10240 × 4320 @ 60 15360 × 8640 @ 60 (version 2.0) Apple Inc. Lenovo, HP, and Dell systems and monitors
ATI RV670 based graphics cards and NVIDIA G92 graphics cards (both as OEM optional implementations)		 DisplayPort introduced the 128-bit AES to replace HDCP. DisplayPort version 1.1 added support for HDCP.
DiiVA 2008 13-pin Digital 2560 × 1600 @ 75
4096 × 2160 @ 24		 A/V systems High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP).
HDBaseT 2010 8P8C 4096 × 2160 @ 24 A/V systems, data at 10.2 Gbit/s, power up to 100 watts
CoaXPress BNC connector, DIN 1.0/2.3 Machine vision and industrial cameras Supports 20.83 Mbit/s uplink channel and power over the same coaxial cable
Mobile High-Definition Link (MHL) 5 pin 1920 × 1080 @ 60
3840 × 2160 @ 30 (version 3.0)
7680 × 4320 @ 120 (superMHL) 		Connecting mobile devices to TVs Supports High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP)

Physical connectors

[edit]
Image Class or connector name Used for Notes
RF connectors (radio frequency signals). Generally use coaxial cable types such as RG-6 and RG-59 (except for twin-lead).

Belling-Lee/IEC 169-2 connector 		TV aerial plug (a.k.a. antenna plug) Television antenna connection for most video devices outside North America. Used by early home computers and game consoles to connect them to TVs because of the lack of any other connector. Generally not used in North America.
BNC Alternative to RCA for professional video electronics.

Protocols:

75 Ω for video signal (SDI and CoaXPress) on, for example, RG59 and RG6.
50 Ω for data link, like Ethernet on RG58.
93 Ω on RG62.

50 Ω (white/bottom row) and 75 Ω C connectors (red/top row) 		C connector (Concelman connector)

General Radio 874 connectors 		GR connector (General Radio connector) Mostly seen on the company's test equipment. Uniquely "hermaphrodite" connector, i.e. no male/female pairing. cf. Anderson connector
F connector Used for most North American TV antenna connections, as well as satellite and cable systems worldwide. Also common in North America for early home computers and game consoles, older VCRs, RF modulators, and even CECBs due to lack of other connectors. Once not used outside North America for TV antennas (except for satellite reception), but gaining acceptance elsewhere with advent of digital TV.
N connector (Neill connector) Mostly seen on professional quality VHF and UHF cables and equipment. Generally 50 Ω but has been manufactured as 75 Ω; difference being thinner centre connectors; not reliably interconnected.

TNC connector (left), compared with BNC (right) 		Threaded Neill-Concelman connector (TNC)
Twin-lead Used for older TV antenna installations in the US and various other countries worldwide. Current use generally limited to baluns to adapt 300 Ω twin-lead to/from 75 Ω F connector. Replaced by F connector in North America and Belling-Lee Connector in other countries outside North America.
UHF connector (e.g. PL-259/SO-239) Despite its name, now most commonly seen on higher-power HF radio equipment, e.g. SSB transceivers. A popular choice for amateur radio enthusiasts. 50 Ω

D-subminiature family

[edit]
Image Class or connector name Used for Notes
CGA, MDA, EGA connector

(DE-9)

The historical connector used by MDA, EGA and CGA graphic cards is a female nine-pin D-subminiature (DE-9). The signal standard and pinout are backward-compatible with CGA, allowing EGA monitors to be used on CGA cards and vice versa. Early VGA cards also used this connector.
VGA connector (DE-15) Became a nearly ubiquitous analog computer display connector after first being introduced with IBM x86 machines. Older VGA connectors were DE-9 (9-pin). The modern DE-15 connector can carry Display Data Channel to allow the monitor to communicate with the graphics card, and optionally vice versa.[10] Being replaced by DVI from 1999 onward.
DB13W3 Analog computer video, color and monochrome. Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, IBM RISC, Intergraph and some Apple Computer computer workstations. Obsolete; replaced by VGA and DVI. Same connector was used by 3Com for a redundant PSU on the 3300 switch family.
[edit]
Image Class or connector name Used for Notes

Single-link DVI-D male plug.


Dual-link DVI-D male plug.

Digital Visual Interface (DVI). Five variants are: DVI-I single link, DVI-I dual link, DVI-D single link, DVI-D dual link, and DVI-A.

Male Mini-DVI plug on top of a 12-inch PowerBook G4; female port is second from left. 		Mini-DVI VGA, DVI, television. Apple Computer alternative to Mini-VGA. Often now replaced by Mini DisplayPort.

Female Micro-DVI port (rightmost) on MacBook Air 		Micro-DVI DVI-D dual link Replaced with Mini DisplayPort.
DMS-59 twin DVI (for two monitors via an adapter cable)
Apple Display Connector Combines DVI, USB, and power.

HDMI connector plugs (male): Type D (Micro), Type C (Mini), and Type A. 		High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) High definition digital video devices (HDMI protocol) Electrically compatible with DVI-D and DVI-I, but not DVI-A, using a simple adapter.

DIN/Mini-DIN

[edit]
Image Class or connector name Used for Notes
DIN-style 10-pin CCJ connector
Mini-DIN 4-pin S-Video (separate video, split video, super-video, or Y/C)



Various Mini-DIN configurations Various systems and protocols - see Mini-DIN for details

Others

[edit]
Image Class or connector name Used for Notes

Three RCA connectors - yellow for composite video, and white and red for stereo audio 		RCA connector Widely used in consumer electronics for audio and video. A single connector must be used for each signal.
SCART Consumer electronics, mostly in Europe. Carries analog stereo sound, along with composite video and/or RGB video. Some devices also support S-Video, which shares the same pins as composite video and RGB. YPBPR is also sometimes supported as a non-standard extension via the RGB pins.
D-Terminal Popular in Japan for analog high definition video. Available resolutions are specified as D1 through D5.
PDMI 30 pin receptacle including the following electrical interfaces: 2-lane DisplayPort v1.1a, USB 3.0, USB On-The-Go, Analog stereo line-out, HDMI CEC for remote control, high output power line from both host and portable device

Male Mini-VGA plug on top of an Apple laptop, female port is second from right. 		Mini-VGA (used for laptops) Used for laptops, especially from Apple Computer and some from Sony.


AV Multi (gold-plated male plug) 		AV Multi Sony proprietary. Combines composite video, S-Video, RGsB/YPBPR (both use same pins) and stereophonic sound (two analog channels). Used for all analog audio and video out on for the PlayStation, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation 3 video game consoles. (A few early original PlayStation models featured RCA outs for composite video and stereo analog audio in addition to the AV Multi connector.)
35-pin MicroCross Molex connector VESA Enhanced Video Connector and VESA Plug and Display (a.k.a. M1-DA) both used this connector with slightly different pin assignments. These schemes combined VGA or digital video, audio, FireWire, and USB signals into a single connector. Deprecated. Made obsolete by DFP and later DVI.
HDI-45 Apple proprietary. Combines Analog VGA out, stereo analog audio out, analog microphone in, S-video capture in, Apple desktop bus interface. Proprietary connector used on Apple Macintosh Centris computers, and the Apple AudioVision 14 Display. An attempt by Apple to deal with cable clutter, by combining five separate cables from computer to monitor.

Female port (20-pin) 		Digital Flat Panel (DFP) Used with the PanelLink digital video protocol. Deprecated. Made obsolete by DVI.

3D model of a UDI connector 		Unified Display Interface Proposed to replace both DVI and HDMI. Deprecated by Intel in favor of DisplayPort.

3.5 mm TRRS connector (male) 		3.5 mm (1⁄8 in) TRRS and TRS connector Analog camcorders commonly use a 3.5 mm four-contact TRRS connector to carry composite video and stereo audio. Jack appears identical to more common three-contact stereo audio-only (Walkman) 3.5 mm TRS connector.
DisplayPort DisplayPort (DP) was designed to replace VGA, DVI, and FPD-Link and standardized by VESA.[11] It is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor. It can also carry audio, USB, and other forms of data. DisplayPort is backward compatible with other interfaces such as HDMI and DVI through the use of active or passive adapters.

Male Mini DisplayPort plug 		Mini DisplayPort Proposed alternative to HDMI, used with computer displays: (VGA, DVI) Apple Inc.'s successor to their own Mini-DVI. The same connector is used for Intel's Thunderbolt connector, developed in cooperation with Apple.
HDBaseT (8P8C modular connector) Used for transmission of uncompressed high-definition video, audio, Ethernet, high-power over cable and various controls, via a 100 m Cat5e/Cat6 cable with 8P8C modular connectors of the type commonly used for telephone and Ethernet LAN connections.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "What is CVBS video format". Google Groups. Archived from the original on February 20, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
  2. ^ a b settorezero.com - Cavo di collegamento video Commodore 64 / S-Video / Scart, 2008-01-29
  3. ^ "The PC video acronyms". 070820 philipstorr.id.au
  4. ^ "Amiga video pinout". pinouts.ru
  5. ^ 2560 × 1600 @ 60 Hz in theory, although few existing WQXGA device offers analog inputs (certain Barco projectors do)
  6. ^ Capable of higher on later Macintosh models if used with the right equipment, i.e. a DA15F to VGA converter coupled with a sufficiently capable analog display
  7. ^ Although YPBPR connections are theoretically capable of higher resolutions, resolutions above 1080p (1920 × 1080 @ 60p) are uncommon. Additionally, many devices limit YPBPR connections to 1080i (1920 × 1080 @ 60i) due to lack of encryption, allowing higher resolutions only via encrypted digital connections.
  8. ^ "Think 12G-SDI over Coax Isn't Possible? Think Again!". www.belden.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
  9. ^ "HDMI". www.hdmi.org. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
  10. ^ VGA pinout and signals @ pinouts.ru
  11. ^ "DisplayPort Technical Overview" (PDF). VESA.org. 10 January 2011. Retrieved 23 January 2012
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