Porter County, Indiana

Porter County
County
Porter County Courthouse in Valparaiso
Flag
Motto:  "Front Porch of the Dunes"
Location in the state of Indiana
Indiana's location in the U.S.
Coordinates: 41°51′N 87°07′W / 41.850°N 87.117°W / 41.850; -87.117
Country	United States
State	Indiana
Region	Northwest Indiana
Metro area	Chicago Metropolitan
Established	1836
Named for	David Porter
County seat	Valparaiso
Largest city	Portage (population and area)
Incorporated municipalities	11 cities and towns Beverly Shores (town) Burns Harbor (town) Chesterton (town) Dune Acres (town) Hebron (town) Kouts (town) Ogden Dunes (town) Portage (city) Porter (town) Town of Pines (town) Valparaiso (city)
Government
• Type	County
Area
• County	521.8 sq mi (1,351 km2)
• Land	418.2 sq mi (1,083 km2)
• Water	103.6 sq mi (268 km2)
• Metro	10,874 sq mi (28,160 km2)
• Rank	29th largest county in Indiana
• Region	2,726 sq mi (7,060 km2)
Elevation [1] (mean)	843 ft (257 m)
Highest elevation [2] – NE Jackson Twp	870 ft (270 m)
Lowest elevation [3] – at Lake Michigan	585 ft (178 m)
Population  (2020)
• County	173,215
• Estimate  (2023)	173,335
• Rank	9th largest county in Indiana 374th largest county in U.S.[4]
• Density	330/sq mi (130/km2)
• Metro	9,522,434
• Region	819,537
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (Central)
ZIP Codes	46301-02, 46304, 46307-08, 46341-42, 46347, 46360, 46368, 46383-85, 46391, 46393
Area code	219
Congressional district	1st
Indiana Senate districts	4th, 5th and 6th
Indiana House of Representatives districts	3rd, 4th, 10th, 19th and 20th
FIPS code	18-127
GNIS feature ID	0450382
Interstates
U.S. Routes
State Routes
Airport	Porter County Regional
Waterways	East Arm Little Calumet River Kankakee River Lake Michigan Little Calumet River Port of Indiana-Burns Harbor Salt Creek
South Shore Line stations	Beverly Shores – Dune Park Portage/Ogden Dunes
Public transit	V-Line
Website	www.porterco.org
Indiana county number 64

Porter County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 173,215, making it the 10th most populous county in Indiana.^[5] The county seat is Valparaiso.^[6] The county is part of Northwest Indiana, as well as the Chicago metropolitan area. Porter County is the site of much of the Indiana Dunes, an area of ecological significance.^[7][8][9] The Hour Glass Museum in Ogden Dunes documents the region's ecological significance.^[10]

The Porter County area was occupied by an Algonquian people dubbed Huber-Berrien.^[11] This subsistence culture arrived after the glaciers retreated around 15,000 years ago and the rise of glacial Lake Algonquian, 4–8,000 years ago.^[12] The native people of this area were next recorded during the Iroquois Wars (1641–1701) as being Potawatomi and Miami. The trading post system used by the French and then the English encouraged native people to live in central villages along major waterways. Therefore, there are no recorded villages within Porter County's current boundaries. It was not until 1830 when Chiqua's town and Tassinong appear on maps and in records.^[11] Chiqua's town is a mile east of Valparaiso on State Route 2, the old Sauk Trail. Tassinong is south of Valparaiso about 5 miles (8.0 km) on State Route 49 at Baum's Bridge Road, the main route across the Great Kankakee Marsh.^[13]

After the American Revolutionary War established US sovereignty over the territory of the upper midwest, the new federal government defined the Northwest Territory in 1787 which included the area of present-day Indiana. In 1800, Congress separated Ohio from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the Indiana Territory. President Thomas Jefferson chose William Henry Harrison as the governor of the territory, and Vincennes was established as the capital. After the Michigan Territory was separated and the Illinois Territory was formed, Indiana was reduced to its current size and geography. By December 1816 the Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as a state.

The Indiana State Legislature passed an omnibus county bill^[14] on February 7, 1835, that authorized the creation of thirteen counties in northeast Indiana, including Porter.^[15] In 1837 the county was organized. It was named for Capt. David Porter, naval officer during the Barbary Wars and the War of 1812.^[16][17]

In 1962, Bethlehem Steel built a large integrated steel mill on the shores of Lake Michigan, which is now owned and operated by Cleveland-Cliffs. The construction of the mill, as well as the neighboring Port of Indiana, generated enormous controversy between industrial interests and locals who wanted to conserve the natural shoreline and habitat. Although the activists lost and the steel mill and port were constructed, the US Congress created the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore in 1966 to protect the area's unique natural habitat.^[18]

Porter County lies on the northern edge of Indiana; its north border is formed by Lake Michigan and its south border is formed by the westward-flowing Kankakee River Its once-tree-covered low rolling hills have been cleared and devoted to agriculture; the only exceptions in Porter County are the drainages carved into the terrain, which are brush-filled. The East Arm Little Calumet River flows westward through the upper portion of Porter County.^[19] The highest point, at 870 feet (270 m),^[20] is a small hill on the county's east border, 2.75 miles (4.4 km) NW of Westville. The lowest point, at approximately 585 feet (178 m), is along the Lake Michigan shoreline (exact elevation varies due to variation in lake level). According to the 2010 census, the county has an area of 521.78 square miles (1,351.4 km²), of which 418.15 square miles (1,083.0 km²) (or 80.14%) is land and 103.63 square miles (268.4 km²) (or 19.9%) is water,^[21] most of it in Lake Michigan.

• Indiana Dunes National Park (part)
• Indiana Dunes National Park Heron Rookery
• Indiana Dunes State Park
• Moraine Nature Preserve^[19]

• Amtrak
• Canadian National
• Chesapeake and Indiana Railroad
• Chicago, Fort Wayne and Eastern Railroad
• Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad
• CSX Transportation
• Norfolk Southern Railway
• South Shore Line

The municipalities in Porter County and their populations as of the 2010 Census:

• Portage – 36,828
• Valparaiso – 31,730

The 12 townships of Porter County:

• Ivy Tech Community College
• Valparaiso University

Public schools in Porter County are administered by several districts, most of which cover areas that roughly follow the county's township boundaries:

High Schools and Middle Schools

Elementary Schools

The county is served by two public library systems:

• Porter County Public Library has its main branch in Valparaiso with branches in Hebron, Kouts, Portage and South Haven.^[22]
• Westchester Public Library has its main branch, the Thomas Library, in Chesterton with a branch, the Hageman Library, in Porter.^[23]

• Porter Health Care System – 301 beds^[24]
  • Portage Hospital – Portage
  • Porter Regional Hospital – Valparaiso

Valparaiso, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     2.1     30 15     1.8     36 20     2.9     47 29     3.6     60 38     3.9     71 49     4.7     80 58     3.8     83 63     3.9     81 61     3.7     74 54     3.2     63 43     3.6     48 33     2.9     35 22 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel[25]
Metric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     54     −1 −9     46     2 −7     74     8 −2     92     16 3     98     22 9     118     27 14     97     28 17     99     27 16     93     23 12     81     17 6     90     9 1     73     2 −6 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in Valparaiso have ranged from a low of 15 °F (−9 °C) in January to a high of 83 °F (28 °C) in July, although a record low of −25 °F (−32 °C) was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of 105 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 1934. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.82 inches (46 mm) in February to 4.66 inches (118 mm) in June.^[25]

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana and the Indiana Code.

County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes and service taxes.^[26][27]

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide, to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute acts legislated by the council, collect revenue and manage the county government.^[26][27]

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that handles civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.^[27]

County Officials: The county has other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. These officials are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.^[27]

Porter County is part of Indiana's 1st congressional district. In state government, Porter County is in Indiana Senate districts 4th, 5th and 6th; in Indiana House of Representatives districts 3rd, 4th, 10th, 19th and 20th.

For most of its history, Porter County was a Republican Party stronghold in presidential elections. It has become a swing county in recent years, voting for the national winner in every presidential election since 1980 except for 1992 and 2020.

United States presidential election results for Porter County, Indiana^[28]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	45,008	51.87%	39,746	45.81%	2,014	2.32%
2016	38,832	49.62%	33,676	43.03%	5,745	7.34%
2012	34,406	46.94%	37,252	50.82%	1,645	2.24%
2008	33,857	45.60%	39,178	52.77%	1,211	1.63%
2004	34,794	53.63%	29,388	45.30%	691	1.07%
2000	31,157	52.47%	26,790	45.12%	1,431	2.41%
1996	22,931	42.00%	24,044	44.04%	7,621	13.96%
1992	22,644	39.68%	21,022	36.84%	13,401	23.48%
1988	29,790	60.37%	19,390	39.29%	165	0.33%
1984	32,505	64.14%	17,862	35.24%	315	0.62%
1980	30,055	64.20%	12,869	27.49%	3,892	8.31%
1976	25,489	59.75%	16,468	38.60%	701	1.64%
1972	26,877	74.60%	8,943	24.82%	210	0.58%
1968	17,328	53.18%	8,914	27.36%	6,340	19.46%
1964	14,480	52.45%	12,975	47.00%	152	0.55%
1960	15,666	59.18%	10,733	40.54%	75	0.28%
1956	14,970	72.71%	5,574	27.07%	45	0.22%
1952	13,194	68.75%	5,909	30.79%	87	0.45%
1948	8,907	62.21%	5,161	36.05%	250	1.75%
1944	8,561	60.52%	5,528	39.08%	57	0.40%
1940	8,270	58.40%	5,840	41.24%	51	0.36%
1936	6,278	52.60%	5,560	46.58%	98	0.82%
1932	5,631	49.47%	5,542	48.69%	209	1.84%
1928	7,107	70.44%	2,921	28.95%	62	0.61%
1924	5,613	67.76%	1,640	19.80%	1,031	12.45%
1920	5,570	72.68%	1,671	21.80%	423	5.52%
1916	2,913	59.22%	1,871	38.04%	135	2.74%
1912	1,510	35.28%	1,352	31.59%	1,418	33.13%
1908	2,940	59.88%	1,789	36.44%	181	3.69%
1904	3,162	66.39%	1,437	30.17%	164	3.44%
1900	2,797	59.49%	1,848	39.30%	57	1.21%
1896	2,853	58.06%	2,026	41.23%	35	0.71%
1892	2,187	49.73%	1,937	44.04%	274	6.23%
1888	2,427	52.82%	2,018	43.92%	150	3.26%

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1840	2,162		—
1850	5,234		142.1%
1860	10,313		97.0%
1870	13,942		35.2%
1880	17,227		23.6%
1890	18,052		4.8%
1900	19,175		6.2%
1910	20,540		7.1%
1920	20,256		−1.4%
1930	22,821		12.7%
1940	27,836		22.0%
1950	40,076		44.0%
1960	60,279		50.4%
1970	87,114		44.5%
1980	119,816		37.5%
1990	128,932		7.6%
2000	146,798		13.9%
2010	164,343		12.0%
2020	173,215		5.4%
2023 (est.)	175,335	[31]	1.2%
US Decennial Census[32] 1790-1960[33] 1900-1990[34] 1990-2000[35] 2010-2019[5]

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 164,343 people, 61,998 households, and 43,901 families in the county.^[36] The population density was 393.0 inhabitants per square mile (151.7/km²). There were 66,179 housing units at an average density of 158.3 per square mile (61.1/km²).^[21] The racial makeup of the county was 91.3% white, 3.0% black or African American, 1.2% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 2.3% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 8.5% of the population.^[36] In terms of ancestry, 29.1% were German, 18.5% were Irish, 10.1% were Polish, 9.7% were English, 5.8% were Italian, and 5.6% were American.^[37]

Of the 61,998 households, 34.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.2% were non-families, and 23.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.07. The median age was 38.4 years.^[36]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $73,065. Males had a median income of $59,542 versus $35,534 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,922. About 6.6% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.8% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.^[38]

Places by population and race[39]
Place	Population (2010)	White	Black or African American	Asian	Other [note 1]	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Porter County	164,343	91.3%	3.0%	1.2%	4.5%	8.5%
Aberdeen, CDP	1,875	91.1%	3.3%	2.6%	3.0%	5.4%
Beverly Shores, town	613	96.6%	1.3%	0.3%	1.8%	2.8%
Burns Harbor, town	1,156	95.4%	1.8%	0.3%	2.5%	5.8%
Chesterton, town	13,068	92.7%	1.4%	2.1%	3.8%	6.9%
Dune Acres, town	182	95.1%	1.1%	2.2%	1.6%	1.6%
Hebron, town	3,724	95.9%	1.1%	0.4%	2.6%	6.1%
Kouts, town	1,879	97.6%	0.3%	0.6%	1.5%	5.1%
Lakes of the Four Seasons, CDP [note 2]	7,033	93.4%	1.2%	1.0%	4.4%	8.5%
Ogden Dunes, town	1,110	96.1%	1.1%	1.3%	1.5%	3.2%
Portage, city	36,828	83.6%	7.3%	0.9%	8.2%	16.4%
Porter, town	4,858	94.3%	1.1%	0.9%	3.7%	6.6%
Salt Creek Commons, CDP	2,117	94.2%	1.0%	1.6%	3.2%	8.3%
Shorewood Forest, CDP	2,708	89.4%	3.8%	4.0%	2.8%	3.7%
South Haven, CDP	5,282	91.3%	3.0%	0.3%	5.4%	9.8%
Town of Pines, town	708	93.9%	2.3%	0.3%	3.5%	3.1%
Valparaiso, city	31,730	89.9%	3.3%	2.1%	4.7%	7.1%
Wheeler, CDP	443	94.1%	0.9%	0.2%	4.8%	4.5%

Places by population and standard of living[40][41]
Place	Population (2010)	Per capita income	Median household income	Median home value
Porter County	164,343	$28,244	$62,457	$166,600
Aberdeen, CDP	1,875	$46,604	$100,278	$303,200
Beverly Shores, town	613	$68,750	$39,906	$429,200
Burns Harbor, town	1,156	$26,337	$62,500	$149,700
Chesterton, town	13,068	$29,147	$64,183	$174,500
Dune Acres, town	182	$141,256	$161,875	$677,600
Hebron, town	3,724	$54,276	$23,027	$135,900
Kouts, town	1,879	$22,907	$61,087	$143,100
Lakes of the Four Seasons, CDP [note 2]	7,033	$32,908	$84,242	$182,600
Ogden Dunes, town	1,110	$59,561	$106,406	$343,800
Portage, city	36,828	$23,892	$51,623	$137,700
Porter, town	4,858	$66,304	$32,210	$167,100
Salt Creek Commons, CDP	2,117	$18,778	$60,478	$114,800
Shorewood Forest, CDP	2,708	$49,743	$118,984	$327,400
South Haven, CDP	5,282	$19,355	$49,746	$110,800
Town of Pines, town	708	$20,255	$36,111	$96,600
Valparaiso, city	31,730	$24,894	$50,182	$165,200
Wheeler, CDP	443	$22,481	$58,229	$134,900

Maplewood Cemetery, next to Graceland in Valparaiso, has burials from the 1700s. The Bailly Cemetery was started in 1827.^[42] Additional cemeteries were created as the population grew. Early cemeteries were often family owned or church related. As communities grew, community cemeteries developed. The newest cemetery in the county is Angel Crest Cemetery north of Valparaiso, near Indiana State Road 49.

Porter County has grown from a single park, Sunset Hill Farm County Park, to four, including: Calumet Trail, Dunn's Bridge County Park, and the newest, Brincka Cross Gardens.^[43]

• Brincka Cross Gardens Pine Township (4 acres (1.6 ha))^[44]
• Calumet Trail (9.1 miles (14.6 km) long), parallel to U.S. 12, at the north end of the county. A mixed use trail for walking, running, biking and cross-country skiing.^[45]
• Dunn's Bridge County Park on the southern boundary of the county on County Road 500 East, Dunn's Bridge spans the Kankakee River to Jasper county. It is one of the oldest landmarks in the region. Built over a century ago across the Kankakee River by a resident farmer named Dunn, legend suggests its origins may be traced to the famous George Ferris, creator of the first 'Ferris Wheel'. The park provides small boat access to the Kankakee River and a parking lot.^[46]
• Sunset Hill Farm County Park (238 acres (96 ha)). Built around the Col. Murray farm, the open meadows are used for festivals and events.^[47]

• Alton Goin Museum is operated by the Portage Community Historical Society at Countryside Park in Portage to preserve the city's history, including the Trager farmhouse.^[48]
• Bailly Homestead & Chellberg Farm is part of Indiana Dunes National Park.^[48]
• Brauer Museum of Art is operated by Valparaiso University and is located in Valparaiso University Center for the Arts. It has the largest collection of works by Junius R. Sloan.^[48]
• Depot of Beverly Shores Museum & Art Gallery is a pink stucco museum to preserve Beverly Shores history through rotating exhibits of paintings, drawings, sculpture, ceramics and woodcarving.^[48]
• Hour Glass House Museum has the works of local artists.^[48]
• Porter County Museum of History maintains the history of Porter County.^[48]
• Stagecoach Inn & Panhandle Depot is operated by the Hebron Historical Society in Hebron.^[48]
• Westchester Township History Museum is operated by the Westchester Public Library and is located in the George Brown Mansion, the former home of a wealthy family that exhibits local history of the Indiana Dunes.^[48]
• Task Force Tips Fire Museum is operated by Task Force Tips in Valparaiso to preserve the history of fire equipment.^[48]

• 4th Street Theater is a community theater in Chesterton.^[49]
• Chicago Street Theatre is a community theater in Valparaiso.^[49]
• Front Porch Music is a music supply store that offers a weekly 'open mic' night and sponsors concerts in Valparaiso.^[49]
• Memorial Opera House presents live theater and a variety of other monthly programs.^[49]
• Valparaiso Theatrical Company travels to different venues in Porter County presenting live theater with the proceeds benefitting a variety of charities.^[49]
• Valparaiso University Center for the Arts is the Valparaiso University's performing arts center.^[49]

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Porter County, Indiana

• Cutler, Harry G. (1912), History of Porter County, Indiana: A Narrative Account of Its Historical Progress, Its People and Its Principal Interests, Volume 1, Chicago, Illinois: Lewis Publishing Company
• Eggleston, Larry G. (2004), Porter County Lakes and Resorts, Arcadia Publishing
• Shults-Gay, Deborah H. (1917), One of the Earliest Authentic Histories of Porter County, Indiana from 1832 to 1876, s.l.: s.n.

• Official Porter County website
• Porter County GenWeb – county history and genealogy website
• Porter County Municipal Airport (VPZ)
• Center Township Trustee Website (Information about township assistance for those experiencing financial difficulties.)