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Siege of Kanegasaki (1570)

Siege of Kanegasaki (1570)
Part of the Sengoku period
Date1570
Location
Kanagasaki Castle, Tsuruga, Echizen Province
Result

Nobunaga withdraws his forces

Belligerents
Oda clan forces
Tokugawa clan forces		 Asakura clan forces
Azai clan forces
Rokkaku clan forces
Ikkō-ikki forces
Commanders and leaders
Oda Nobunaga
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Hashiba Hideyoshi
Sassa Narimasa
Maeda Toshiie
Ikeda Katsumasa
Akechi Mitsuhide		 Castle garrison:
Maeba Yoshitsugu
Relief forces:
Asakura Kagetake
Azai Nagamasa
Rokkaku Yoshikata
Strength
30,000 24,500

The 1570 Siege of Kanegasaki (金ヶ崎の戦い, Kanegasaki no Tatakai) took place during Oda Nobunaga's conflict with the Asakura clan in Echizen Province, which was allied with Azai Nagamasa.

Asakura Yoshikage, the head of the Asakura clan and regent to Ashikaga Yoshiaki, refused Nobunaga's invitation to a court banquet in Kyoto. Nobunaga interpreted this as disloyalty to both the shogun and the emperor, prompting him to raise an army and march on Echizen.[1]

Several reports from Mikawa Monogatari, Nobunaga Koki, Tokugawa Jikki, and a supplement from Ietada Nikki documented that Tokugawa Ieyasu and his forces also participated in this campaign. They captured Mount Tenzutsu castle on April 25, killing 1,370 enemies in the process.[2]

The next day, Nobunaga's forces besieged Kanegasaki Castle,[2] which was held by Maeba Yoshitsugu. One of Nobunaga's chief generals, Kinoshita Tōkichirō (later Hashiba Hideyoshi then Toyotomi Hideyoshi), led the attack, with Sassa Narimasa commanding a contingent of horse guards and firearms troops to support him. Meanwhile, Azai Nagamasa, who had long been allied with the Asakura, led an army to relieve Kanegasaki Castle with help from the Rokkaku clan and Ikkō-ikki.[citation needed]

Realizing that he was surrounded by enemy forces, Nobunaga retreated from Kanegasaki. Ikeda Katsumasa led 3,000 soldiers to aid in his escape, while Akechi Mitsuhide and Tōkichirō served as the rear guard. This marked Nagamasa's betrayal of the Oda clan.[citation needed]

Nobunaga retreated without informing Ieyasu. After dawn, Ieyasu was guided by Kinoshita Tōkichirō to withdraw from the battle.[3]

Aftermath

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The fighting retreat at Kanegasaki enabled Oda Nobunaga to once again escape death. He later gathered an army that would secure victory against the Azai-Asakura forces at the Battle of Anegawa. Kinoshita Tōkichirō's role in defending his lord during the retreat became one of his legendary achievements under Nobunaga.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Sansom, George (1961). A History of Japan, 1334–1615. Stanford University Press. p. 281. ISBN 0804705259.
  2. ^ a b 小野 雅彦 (2023). "家康も撤退を知らされていなかった「金ヶ崎の退き口」". Rekishijin (in Japanese). ABC ARC, inc. Retrieved 10 June 2024. 。織田・徳川連合軍は敵の首1370を討ち取るなどして城を攻め落とし（『家忠日記増補』）
  3. ^ Koichiro Hamada (濵田 航一郎) (2023). "金ヶ崎合戦、姉川の戦いで徳川家康は一体どうした⁉". Rekishijin (in Japanese). ABC ARC, inc. Retrieved 10 June 2024. 。織田・徳川連合軍は敵の首1370を討ち取るなどして城を攻め落とし（『家忠日記増補』）

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