View text source at Wikipedia

Static apnea

A diver performing static apnea face down in a pool, with the support of a partner (left)

Static apnea (STA) is a discipline in which a person holds their breath (apnea) underwater for as long as possible, and need not swim any distance.[1] Static apnea is defined by the International Association for Development of Apnea (AIDA International) and is distinguished from the Guinness World Record for breath holding underwater, which allows the use of oxygen in preparation. It requires that the respiratory tract be immersed, with the body either in the water or at the surface, and may be performed in a pool or open water (sea, lake, river, etc.). Static apnea is the only AIDA International discipline measuring duration, and one of the three disciplines considered for the international competitions by team, with constant weight and dynamic with fins.

Beta blockers (doping in sport of freediving; prolong every type of apnea by reducing heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac output) can prolong static apnea for up to 20%.[2]

All time list

[edit]

Men

[edit]
Duration Name Date Location Accreditation
11:54[3] Branko Petrović 7 October 2014 Dubai, UAE Guinness *
11:35[4] Stéphane Mifsud 8 June 2009 La Crau, France AIDA
10:31 Florian Dagoury 13 March 2020 Koh Tao, Thailand AIDA
10:12 Tom Sietas 7 June 2008 Athens, Greece
10:07 Aleix Segura 19 June 2015 Belgrade, Serbia AIDA
10:03.96[5] Mateusz Malina 26 March 2018 Dubai, UAE 12th Fazza competition
09:58.66[6] Goran Čolak ** 16 June 2017 Cagliari, Italy CMAS

* Branko Petrović also has 10:45.0 under CMAS (2017., Subotica, Serbia) and 10:23 under AIDA.
** Goran Čolak also has 11:06.14 and 10:19 under special rules at 12th and 11th Fazza freediving competition respectively, in Dubai, UAE.[7][8]

Women

[edit]
Duration Name Date Location Accreditation
09:07 Heike Schwerdtner 27 June 2024 Kaunas, Lithuania AIDA
09:02 Natalia Molchanova 21 June 2013 Belgrade, Serbia AIDA
08:53 Veronika Dittes 15 June 2017 CMAS
08:33 Gabriela Grézlová 28 July 2015 CMAS
08:01 Jessea Wenjie Lu 27 August 2016 AIDA

With pure oxygen – record progression

[edit]

There is a variation of the static apnea discipline where it's possible to breathe 100% oxygen for up to 30 minutes prior to the breathhold. This is not part of formal competitions, but is occasionally used to set individual records.

Duration (minutes) Name Date Location Accreditation
24:37 Budimir Šobat 27 March 2021 Sisak, Croatia Guinness[9][10]
24:03 Aleix Segura 28 February 2016 Barcelona, Spain Guinness
23:09 Aleix Segura 16 February 2016 Barcelona, Spain Guinness
23:01 Goran Čolak 20 June 2014 Vir, Croatia Guinness
22:30 Goran Čolak 29 September 2013 Zagreb, Croatia Guinness
22:22 Tom Sietas 30 May 2012 Changsha, China Guinness
22:00 Stig Severinsen 3 May 2012 London, United Kingdom
21:33 Peter Colat 17 September 2011 Ebikon, Switzerland Guinness
20:21 Ricardo Bahia 16 September 2010 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Guinness
20:10 Stig Severinsen 1 April 2010 Kattegatcentret, Denmark Guinness
19:21 Peter Colat 14 Feb 2010 St. Gallen, Switzerland Guinness
19:02 Nicola Putignano 21 May 2009 Milano, Italy Guinness
18:32 Karol Meyer 10 July 2009 Florianópolis, Brasil Guinness
18:03 Gianluca Genoni 26 November 2008 Goito, Italy
17:19 Tom Sietas 19 September 2008 New York City, United States Guinness
17:04 David Blaine 30 April 2008 Chicago, United States Guinness
16:32 Peter Colat 10 February 2008 St. Gallen, Switzerland AIDA
16:13 Tom Sietas 23 February 2008 Madrid, Spain Guinness
16:04 Peter Colat 10 February 2007 St. Gallen, Switzerland AIDA
14:12 Tom Sietas 5 January 2006 Milano, Italy Guinness
13:05 Bill Strömberg 3 October 2004 Lausanne, Switzerland AIDA
12:47 Giancarlo Bellingrath 15 June 2003 Naples, Italy
12:34 Gianluca Genoni 11 May 2002 Busto Arsizio, Italy

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ McKie, N (2004). "Freediving in cyberspace". Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society. 34: 101–3. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-05.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. ^ "Granice maksimalne izvedbe u ronjenju na dah". Podvodni.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  3. ^ "New World Record Static apnea (STA)". Freedive Earth.
  4. ^ "Shark Freediving » Stephane Mifsud 11:35 Static!". freediving.shark.nu. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28.
  5. ^ "Veljano Zanki 3.mjesto na Fazza Freediving 2018 | Ronilački klub "Split"". www.rksplit.hr. 26 March 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-08-26. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  6. ^ "EP: Goran Čolak srušio svjetski rekord i osvojio dvije zlatne medalje!". 16 June 2017.
  7. ^ "Croatian Diver Goran Čolak Wins in Dubai".
  8. ^ "gulftoday.ae | Colak sets new record at Fazza Freediving C'ship". gulftoday.ae. Archived from the original on 2018-08-26. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  9. ^ "Longest time breath held voluntarily (male)". 27 March 2021.
  10. ^ "Croatian diver sets Guinness World Record by holding breath underwater for 24 minutes 33 seconds". 31 March 2021.
[edit]