Template:Rulers of ancient Central Asia

Rulers of ancient Central Asia

Territories/ dates	Khorasan	Margiana	Bactria	Sogdia	Trans-Jaxartes steppes	Altai Mountains
	Preceded by: Chronology of the Neolithic period
3500–2500 BCE	(Eastern migration of the Yamnaya culture from the Pontic–Caspian steppe through the Eurasian Steppe, as far as the Altai region)
3500–2500 BCE						Afanasievo culture (Proto-Tocharian)
2400–2000 BCE		Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex
2000–1900 BCE		Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex		Andronovo culture
2000–900 BCE				Andronovo culture
626–539 BCE	Median Empire Deioces Phraortes Madyes Cyaxares Astyages			Saka Massagetae Tomyris	Saka Skunkha	Saka (Arzhan culture) (Pazyryk culture)
539–331 BCE	Achaemenid Empire Cyrus Cambyses Darius I Xerxes Artaxerxes I Darius II Artaxerxes II Artaxerxes III Artaxerxes IV Darius III				Saka Skunkha	Saka (Arzhan culture) (Pazyryk culture)
331–256 BCE	Hellenistic Period Seleukos I Nikator Tetradrachm from Babylon Argead dynasty: Alexander I Philip Alexander II Antigonus Seleucid Empire: Seleucus I Antiochus I Antiochus II				Saka	Yuezhi
256–160 BCE	Greco-Bactrian Kingdom Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I				Yuezhi	Xiongnu Modu Chanyu Laoshang Huns
160–141 BCE	Parthian Empire Mithridates I Phraates Hyspaosines Artabanus Mithridates II Gotarzes Mithridates III Orodes I Sinatruces Phraates III Mithridates IV Orodes II Phraates IV Tiridates II Musa Phraates V Orodes III Vonones I Artabanus II Tiridates III Artabanus II Vardanes I Gotarzes II Meherdates Vonones II Vologases I Vardanes II Pacorus II Vologases II Artabanus III Osroes I Vologases III Parthamaspates Sinatruces II Mithridates V Vologases IV Osroes II Vologases V Vologases VI Artabanus IV		Eucratides I
141 BCE – 30 CE			Yuezhi Agesiles Sapadbizes Heraios
30–224 CE			Kushan Empire Kujula Kadphises Vima Takto Vima Kadphises Kanishka I Huvishka Vasudeva I		Saka
224–350 CE	Sasanian Empire Coin of Ardashir I, Hamadan mint. Ardashir I Shapur I Hormizd I Bahram I Bahram II Bahram III Narseh Hormizd II Adur Narseh Shapur II Ardashir II Shapur III Bahram IV Yazdegerd I Shapur IV Khosrow Bahram V Yazdegerd II Hormizd III Peroz I Balash Kavad I Jamasp Kavad I Khosrow I Hormizd IV Khosrow II Bahram VI Chobin Vistahm Khosrow II Kavad II Ardashir III Shahrbaraz Khosrow III Boran Shapur-i Shahrvaraz Azarmidokht Farrukh Hormizd Hormizd VI Khosrow IV Boran Yazdegerd III Peroz III Narsieh		Kushano-Sasanians Ardashir I Peroz I Hormizd I Hormizd II Peroz II Varahran	Kangju Wanunkhur	Saka
320–467 CE			Kidarites Yosada Kirada Peroz Kidara Grumbates Kungas Brahmi Buddhatala Varhran (II) Tobazini
370–540 CE			Alchon Huns Khingila I Javukha Mehama Lakhana Udayaditya Aduman Toramana Mihirakula
440–560 CE			Hephthalites Akhshunwar Kun-khi Ghadfar
560–651 CE			First Turkic Khaganate (Ashina Tuwu) Bumin Qaghan Issik Qaghan Muqan Qaghan Taspar Qaghan Ashina Anluo Ishbara Qaghan Bagha Qaghan Tulan Qaghan (Istämi) (Empress Ashina) (Apa Qaghan) (Yangsu Tegin) (Tamgan)
560–625 CE			Western Turkic Khaganate (vassal of the Tang dynasty 657–742) Niri Qaghan Heshana Qaghan Sheguy Tong Yabghu Qaghan
625–651 CE			Tokhara Yabghus Tardush Shad Ishbara Yabgu Wu-shih-po Pantu Nili	Külüg Sibir Sy Yabghu Khagan Duolu Qaghan Ishbara Tolis Yukuk Shad Irbis Seguy Ashina Helu
651–673 CE	Muslim conquest of Persia
673–751 CE	Muslim conquest of Persia		Muslim conquest of Transoxiana		Second Turkic Khaganate
Rulers of the ancient Near-East