The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Prior to 3rd century
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- 7000 BCE - Beiyinyang Neolithic people active.[1]
- 472 BCE - Castle built near Yuhuatai by Yue (state).[2]
3rd-12th centuries
[edit]- 229 CE - City becomes capital of Wu Kingdom.[1]
- 258 CE - Imperial University founded.
- 313 - City renamed "Jiankang."[2]
- 317 - Capital of Eastern Jin Dynasty relocated to Jiankang.[3]
- 420 - City becomes capital of the Liu Song Dynasty.[2]
- 479 - City becomes capital of the Southern Qi Dynasty.[2]
- 502 - City becomes capital of the Liang dynasty.[2]
- 557 - City becomes capital of the Chen Dynasty.[2]
- 937 - Nan Tang in power.[2]
- 1168 - Jiangnan Examination Hall built.[citation needed]
14th century
[edit]
- 1367 - Construction of Ming Palace begun, completed in 1368.
- 1368 - City becomes capital of Ming Dynasty, renamed Yingtian.
- 1373 - Hongwu Emperor substantially expands Ming Palace compound, completed in 1375.
- 1381 - Imperial University campus relocated to Xuanwu Lake.[4]
- 1382 - Drum Tower built.[2]
- 1386 - City Wall of Nanjing and Jubao Gate constructed.
15th-18th centuries
[edit]
- 1408 - Yongle Encyclopedia written.
- 1421 - Capital of Ming Dynasty relocated from Nanjing to Beijing.[2]
- 1430 - Porcelain Tower of Nanjing built.[5][6]
- 1441 - 1441 Yangtze flood.
- 1645 - Qing conquest of Nanjing; Nanzhili reorganized as Jiangnan, later divided into Jiangsu and Anhui
- 1657 - City besieged by forces of Koxinga.[7]
- 1723 - Viceroy of Liangjiang residence relocated to Nanjing.[7]
19th century
[edit]- 1842
- British in power.[6]
- 29 August: City hosts signing of Treaty of Nanking.[6]
- 1853 - Taiping conquest of Nanjing in the First Battle of Nanjing.
- 1856 - Second Battle of Nanjing.
- 1858 - City designated a treaty port under the Treaties of Tianjin.[6]
- 1864 - Third Battle of Nanking.[6]
- 1870 - Chaotian Palace and Presidential Palace built.
- 1890 - Naval college opens.[6]
- 1899 - Foreign trade begins.[7][dubious – discuss]
20th century
[edit]- 1902 - Sanjiang Normal College (later renamed Nanjing Normal University) founded.[2][6]
- 1907 - Jiangnan Library opens.
- 1909 - Shanghai-Nanjing railroad opens.[6]
- 1910
- Nanyang industrial exposition.[7]
- Population: 140,000 (approximate).[6]
- 1911
- 1921 - Population: 380,000.[9]
- 1927
- March: Nanking Incident.
- Nanjing Special (No.1) Popular Library founded.
- 1928
- Central Guoshu Institute established.
- Liu Chi-wen becomes mayor.[citation needed]
- 1929 - Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum built.
- 1930 - Wei Tao-ming becomes mayor.[citation needed]
- 1931 - City becomes capital of the Republic of China.
- 1935 - Nanjing–Tongling railway opens.
- 1936 - Jiangsu Art Gallery founded.[citation needed]
- 1937
- Nanking Safety Zone set up.
- 9 December: Battle of Nanking begins.
- 12 December: USS Panay incident.
- 13 December: Japanese forces take city.
- Nanjing Massacre.
- 1940
- City becomes capital of the Reorganized National Government of China.
- Cai Pei becomes mayor.[citation needed]
- 1941 - Zhou Xuechang becomes mayor.
- 1949 - 23 April: People's Liberation Army takes city.
- 1952 - Nanjing College of Aviation Industry[2] and Wutaishan Sports Center founded.
- 1953 - Nanjing University of Science and Technology founded.[2]
- 1957 - Population: 1,419,000.[10]
- 1958 - Taiping Kingdom History Museum active.
- 1968
- Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge constructed.[11]
- Nanjing Railway Station opens.
- 1988
- December: Nanjing anti-African protests.
- Nanjing High-tech Industrial Development Zone established.[12]
- 1994 - Jiangsu Sainty Football Club formed.
- 1995 - City administration re-organized.[2]
- 1996 - Jiangsu Dragons basketball team formed.
- 1997 - Lukou Airport opens.
- 2000 - Jiangning District becomes part of Nanjing municipality.[12]
21st century
[edit]- 2001 - Second Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge constructed.
- 2002
- Jiangpu and Liuhe districts become part of Nanjing municipality.[12]
- Luo Zhijun becomes mayor.[citation needed]
- 2004 - Longtan Containers Port Area opens.
- 2005
- Third Nanjing Yangtze Bridge and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center opens.
- Nanjing Metro and Nanjing–Qidong Railway begins operating.[2]
- 10th National Games of China held.
- 2008
- Hefei–Nanjing Passenger Railway begins operating.
- World Urban Forum held.
- 2009 - Zifeng Tower built.
- 2010
- 28 July: Chemical plant explosion.
- Nanjing Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge built.
- 2013 - Air pollution in Nanjing reaches annual mean of 72 PM2.5 and 137 PM10, much higher than recommended.[13]
See also
[edit]- Nanjing history
- List of Nanjing art groups
- Population of Nanking in December of 1937
- Urbanization in China
References
[edit]- ^ a b Schellinger 1996.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Kenneth Pletcher, ed. (2011). Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places. Britannica Educational Publishing.
- ^ Chye Kiang Heng (1999), Cities of Aristocrats and Bureaucrats: the Development of Medieval Chinese Cityscapes, Singapore University Press, ISBN 9971692236
- ^ Chia 2005.
- ^ C.C. Clarke (1820), The Hundred Wonders of the World (8th ed.), London: Phillips & Co.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b c d Madrolle 1912.
- ^ "Manchus' Day of Massacre" (PDF). New York Times. 11 November 1911.
- ^ Chu 1922.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
Nanking
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Meine Pieter Van Dijk (2006), Managing Cities in Developing Countries, Edward Elgar Publishing, ISBN 9781845428808
- ^ a b c Ivan Cucco (2008), "The Professional Middle Class", in David S.G. Goodman (ed.), The New Rich in China, Routledge, ISBN 9780415455640
- ^ World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva, archived from the original on 28 March 2014
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
This article incorporates information from the Chinese Wikipedia.
Bibliography
[edit]Published in the 14th–19th centuries
- Hongwu Jingcheng Tuzhi [Illustrated Gazetteer of the Capital in the Hongwu Era]. 1395.
- Chu Chih-fan; Lu Shou-po (1624). Jinling Tuyong [Gazetteer of Nanjing]. [1][2]
- Johannes Nieuhof (1668), "(Nanking)", Legatio batavica ad magnum Tartariæ chamum Sungteium, modernum Sinæ imperatorem (in Latin), Amstelodami: Jacob von Meurs, OCLC 2134985
- Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Nanking", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- Douglas, Robert Kennaway (1885). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (9th ed.). pp. 171–172.
Published in the 20th century
- Louis Gaillard (1901), Nanking Port ouvert, Nankin d'alors et d'aujourd'hui (in French), Chang-Hai: Imprimerie de la Mission Catholique, OL 14264158M
- Louis Gaillard (1903), Aperçu historique et géographique [Historical and geographical overview], Nankin d'alors et d'aujourd'hui (in French), Chang-Hai: Impr. de la Mission catholique, OCLC 6976461, OL 6962395M
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 162.
- Claudius Madrolle (1912), "Nanking", Northern China, Paris: Hachette & Company, OCLC 8741409
- Coching Chu (1922), The climate of Nanking during the period 1905-1921, Nanking, OL 7245788M
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Schellinger and Salkin, ed. (1996), "Nanjing", International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania, Routledge, ISBN 9781884964046
Published in the 21st century
- Lucille Chia (2005). "Of Three Mountains Street: the Commercial Publishers of Ming Nanjing". Printing and Book Culture in Late Imperial China. University of California Press.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Nanjing.
- Items related to Nanjing, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).
- Items related to Nanking, various dates (via Europeana).
