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Tosk | |
---|---|
toskërishtja | |
Region | Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Italy, Greece, Turkey |
Native speakers | 1.8 million (2011 census)[1] |
Early form | |
Dialects |
|
Albanian alphabet, formerly Elbasan | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | als |
Glottolog | alba1268 tosk1239 |
Linguasphere | to 55-AAA-ace 55-AAA-aca to 55-AAA-ace |
A map showing Tosk speakers in the two palest shades of brown. |
Tosk (Albanian definite form: toskërishtja) is the southern group of dialects of the Albanian language, spoken by the ethnographic group known as Tosks. The line of demarcation between Tosk and Gheg (the northern variety) is the Shkumbin River. Tosk is the basis of the standard Albanian language.
Major Tosk-speaking groups include the Myzeqars of Myzeqe, Labs of Labëria, Chams of Çamëria, Arvanites of Greece and the Arbëreshë of Italy, as well as the original inhabitants of Mandritsa in Bulgaria. In North Macedonia, there were approximately 3000 speakers in the early 1980s.[2]
This section should specify the language of its non-English content, using {{lang}}, {{transliteration}} for transliterated languages, and {{IPA}} for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate ISO 639 code. Wikipedia's multilingual support templates may also be used. (August 2020) |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i y | u | |
Close-mid | e | ||
Open-mid | ɜ | ɔ | |
Open | a |
IPA | Description | Written as |
---|---|---|
i | Close front unrounded vowel | i |
y | Close front rounded vowel | y |
e | Close-mid front unrounded vowel | e |
a | Open central unrounded vowel | a |
ɜ | Open-mid central unrounded vowel | ë |
ɔ | Open-mid back rounded vowel | o |
u | Close back rounded vowel | u |
Thus, for example, even the small numbers of Tosk Albanians of southern North Macedonia (only approximately 3,000 in the early 1980s)