Since Alabama became a U.S. state in 1819, it has sent congressional delegations to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Each state elects two senators to serve for six years, and members of the House to two-year terms. Before becoming a state, the Alabama Territory elected a non-voting delegate at-large to Congress from 1818 to 1819.
These are tables of congressional delegations from Alabama to the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.
Current delegation
[edit]| Current U.S. senators from Alabama | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama
|
Class II senator | Class III senator | ||
 Tommy Tuberville (Senior senator) (Auburn) |
 Katie Britt (Junior senator) (Montgomery) | |||
| Party | Republican | Republican | ||
| Incumbent since | January 3, 2021 | January 3, 2023 | ||
Alabama's current congressional delegation in the 118th Congress consists of its two senators, both of whom are Republicans, and its seven representatives: 6 Republicans, 1 Democrat.
The current dean of the Alabama delegation is Representative Robert Aderholt, having served in the U.S. Congress since 1997.
| Current U.S. representatives from Alabama | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | Member (Residence)[2] |
Party | Incumbent since | CPVI (2022)[3] |
District map |
| 1st |  Jerry Carl (Mobile) |
Republican | January 3, 2021 | R+16 | _(new_version).svg) |
| 2nd |  Barry Moore (Enterprise) |
Republican | January 3, 2021 | R+17 | _(new_version).svg) |
| 3rd |  Mike Rogers (Weaver) |
Republican | January 3, 2003 | R+19 | _(new_version).svg) |
| 4th |  Robert Aderholt (Haleyville) |
Republican | January 3, 1997 | R+33 | _(new_version).svg) |
| 5th |  Dale Strong (Huntsville) |
Republican | January 3, 2023 | R+17 | _(new_version).svg) |
| 6th |  Gary Palmer (Hoover) |
Republican | January 3, 2015 | R+18 | _(new_version).svg) |
| 7th |  Terri Sewell (Birmingham) |
Democratic | January 3, 2011 | D+14 | _(new_version).svg) |
United States Senate
[edit]| Class II senator | Congress | Class III senator | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William R. King (DR) | 16th (1819–1821) | John Williams Walker (DR) | ||
| 17th (1821–1823) | ||||
| William Kelly (DR) | ||||
| 18th (1823–1825) | ||||
| William R. King (J) | 19th (1825–1827) | Henry H. Chambers (J) | ||
| Israel Pickens (J) | ||||
| John McKinley (J) | ||||
| 20th (1827–1829) | ||||
| 21st (1829–1831) | ||||
| 22nd (1831–1833) | Gabriel Moore (J) | |||
| 23rd (1833–1835) | Gabriel Moore (NR) | |||
| 24th (1835–1837) | ||||
| William R. King (D) | 25th (1837–1839) | John McKinley (D) | ||
| Clement Comer Clay (D) | ||||
| 26th (1839–1841) | ||||
| 27th (1841–1843) | ||||
| Arthur P. Bagby (D) | ||||
| 28th (1843–1845) | ||||
| Dixon Hall Lewis (D) | ||||
| 29th (1845–1847) | ||||
| 30th (1847–1849) | ||||
| Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | William R. King (D) | |||
| 31st (1849–1851) | ||||
| Jeremiah Clemens (D) | ||||
| 32nd (1851–1853) | ||||
| Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | ||||
| vacant[a] | 33rd (1853–1855) | |||
| Clement Claiborne Clay (D) | ||||
| 34th (1855–1857) | vacant[a] | |||
| Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | ||||
| 35th (1857–1859) | ||||
| 36th (1859–1861) | ||||
| vacant[b] | vacant | |||
| 37th (1861–1863) | ||||
| 38th (1863–1865) | ||||
| 39th (1865–1867) | ||||
| 40th (1867–1869) | ||||
| Willard Warner (R) | George E. Spencer (R) | |||
| 41st (1869–1871) | ||||
| George Goldthwaite (D) | 42nd (1871–1873) | |||
| 43rd (1873–1875) | ||||
| 44th (1875–1877) | ||||
| John T. Morgan (D) | 45th (1877–1879) | |||
| 46th (1879–1881) | George S. Houston (D) | |||
| Luke Pryor (D) | ||||
| James L. Pugh (D) | ||||
| 47th (1881–1883) | ||||
| 48th (1883–1885) | ||||
| 49th (1885–1887) | ||||
| 50th (1887–1889) | ||||
| 51st (1889–1891) | ||||
| 52nd (1891–1893) | ||||
| 53rd (1893–1895) | ||||
| 54th (1895–1897) | ||||
| 55th (1897–1899) | Edmund Pettus (D) | |||
| 56th (1899–1901) | ||||
| 57th (1901–1903) | ||||
| 58th (1903–1905) | ||||
| 59th (1905–1907) | ||||
| 60th (1907–1909) | ||||
| John H. Bankhead (D) | Joseph F. Johnston (D) | |||
| 61st (1909–1911) | ||||
| 62nd (1911–1913) | ||||
| 63rd (1913–1915) | vacant[c] | |||
| Francis S. White (D) | ||||
| 64th (1915–1917) | Oscar Underwood (D) | |||
| 65th (1917–1919) | ||||
| 66th (1919–1921) | ||||
| B. B. Comer (D) | ||||
| J. Thomas Heflin (D) | ||||
| 67th (1921–1923) | ||||
| 68th (1923–1925) | ||||
| 69th (1925–1927) | ||||
| 70th (1927–1929) | Hugo Black (D) | |||
| 71st (1929–1931) | ||||
| John H. Bankhead II (D) | 72nd (1931–1933) | |||
| 73rd (1933–1935) | ||||
| 74th (1935–1937) | ||||
| 75th (1937–1939) | ||||
| Dixie Bibb Graves (D) | ||||
| J. Lister Hill (D) | ||||
| 76th (1939–1941) | ||||
| 77th (1941–1943) | ||||
| 78th (1943–1945) | ||||
| 79th (1945–1947) | ||||
| George R. Swift (D) | ||||
| John Sparkman (D) | ||||
| 80th (1947–1949) | ||||
| 81st (1949–1951) | ||||
| 82nd (1951–1953) | ||||
| 83rd (1953–1955) | ||||
| 84th (1955–1957) | ||||
| 85th (1957–1959) | ||||
| 86th (1959–1961) | ||||
| 87th (1961–1963) | ||||
| 88th (1963–1965) | ||||
| 89th (1965–1967) | ||||
| 90th (1967–1969) | ||||
| 91st (1969–1971) | James Allen (D) | |||
| 92nd (1971–1973) | ||||
| 93rd (1973–1975) | ||||
| 94th (1975–1977) | ||||
| 95th (1977–1979) | ||||
| Maryon Pittman Allen (D) | ||||
| Donald Stewart (D) | ||||
| Howell Heflin (D) | 96th (1979–1981) | |||
| Jeremiah Denton (R) | ||||
| 97th (1981–1983) | ||||
| 98th (1983–1985) | ||||
| 99th (1985–1987) | ||||
| 100th (1987–1989) | Richard Shelby (D) | |||
| 101st (1989–1991) | ||||
| 102nd (1991–1993) | ||||
| 103rd (1993–1995) | ||||
| Richard Shelby (R) | ||||
| 104th (1995–1997) | ||||
| Jeff Sessions (R) | 105th (1997–1999) | |||
| 106th (1999–2001) | ||||
| 107th (2001–2003) | ||||
| 108th (2003–2005) | ||||
| 109th (2005–2007) | ||||
| 110th (2007–2009) | ||||
| 111th (2009–2011) | ||||
| 112th (2011–2013) | ||||
| 113th (2013–2015) | ||||
| 114th (2015–2017) | ||||
| 115th (2017–2019) | ||||
| Luther Strange (R) | ||||
| Doug Jones (D) | ||||
| 116th (2019–2021) | ||||
| Tommy Tuberville (R) | 117th (2021-2023) | |||
| 118th (2023–2025) | Katie Britt (R) | |||
United States House of Representatives
[edit]1818–1819: 1 non-voting delegate
[edit]Starting on January 29, 1818, Alabama Territory sent a non-voting delegate to the House.
| Congress | Delegate from Territory's at-large district |
|---|---|
| 15th (1817–1819) | John Crowell (DR) |
| 16th (March 4, 1819– December 14, 1819) |
vacant |
1819–1823: 1 seat
[edit]After statehood on December 14, 1819, Alabama had one seat in the House.
| Congress | At-large district |
|---|---|
| 16th (1819–1821) | John Crowell (DR) |
| 17th (1821–1823) | Gabriel Moore (DR) |
1823–1833: 3 seats
[edit]Following the 1820 census, Alabama had three seats.
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18th (1823–1825) | Gabriel Moore (DR)[d] | John McKee (DR)[d] | George W. Owen (DR)[d] |
| 19th (1825–1827) | Gabriel Moore (J) | John McKee (J) | George W. Owen (J) |
| 20th (1827–1829) | |||
| 21st (1829–1831) | Clement Comer Clay (J) | R. E. B. Baylor (J) | Dixon H. Lewis (J) |
| 22nd (1831–1833) | Samuel W. Mardis (J) |
1833–1843: 5 seats
[edit]Following the 1830 census, Alabama had five seats. During the 27th Congress, those seats were all elected statewide at-large on a general ticket.
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district | 4th district | 5th district |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23rd (1833–1835) | Clement Comer Clay (J) | John McKinley (J) | Samuel W. Mardis (J) | Dixon H. Lewis (N) | John Murphy (J) |
| 24th (1835–1837) | Reuben Chapman (J) | Joshua L. Martin (J) | Joab Lawler (J) | Francis S. Lyon (NR) | |
| 25th (1837–1839) | Reuben Chapman (D) | Joshua L. Martin (D) | Joab Lawler (W) | Dixon H. Lewis (D) | Francis S. Lyon (W) |
| George W. Crabb (W) | |||||
| 26th (1839–1841) | David Hubbard (D) | James Dellet (W) | |||
| 27th (1841–1843) | 5 seats elected on a general ticket from Alabama's at-large district | ||||
| 1st seat | 2nd seat | 3rd seat | 4th seat | 5th seat | |
| Reuben Chapman (D) | George S. Houston (D) | William Winter Payne (D) |
Dixon H. Lewis (D) | Benjamin G. Shields (D) | |
1843–1863: 7 seats
[edit]Following the 1840 census, Alabama resumed the use of districts, now increased to seven.
1863–1873: 6 seats
[edit]Following the 1860 census, Alabama was apportioned six seats.
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district | 4th district | 5th district | 6th district |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 38–39th (1863–1867) | Vacant during American Civil War | |||||
| 40th (1867–1869) | ||||||
| Francis W. Kellogg (R) | C. W. Buckley (R) | Benjamin W. Norris (R) | Charles W. Pierce (R) | John B. Callis (R) | Thomas Haughey (R) | |
| 41st (1869–1871) | Alfred Eliab Buck (R) | Robert Stell Heflin (R) | Charles Hays (R) | Peter M. Dox (D) | William C. Sherrod (D) | |
| 42nd (1871–1873) | Benjamin S. Turner (R) | William A. Handley (D) | Joseph H. Sloss (D) | |||
1873–1893: 8 seats
[edit]Following the 1870 census, Alabama was apportioned eight seats. From 1873 to 1877, the two new seats were elected at large, statewide. After 1877, however, the entire delegation was redistricted.
1893–1913: 9 seats
[edit]Following the 1890 census, Alabama was apportioned nine seats.
| Congress | District | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | |
| 53rd (1893–1895) |
Richard H. Clarke (D) |
Jesse F. Stallings (D) |
William C. Oates (D) | Gaston A. Robbins (D) | James E. Cobb (D) | John H. Bankhead (D) |
William H. Denson (D) |
Joseph Wheeler (D) |
Louis W. Turpin (D) |
| George P. Harrison Jr. (D) | |||||||||
| 54th (1895–1897) |
Milford W. Howard (Pop) |
Oscar Underwood (D) | |||||||
| William F. Aldrich (R) | Albert T. Goodwyn (Pop) | Truman H. Aldrich (R) | |||||||
| 55th (1897–1899) |
George W. Taylor (D) |
Henry D. Clayton Jr. (D) |
Thomas S. Plowman (D) | Willis Brewer (D) | Oscar Underwood (D) | ||||
| William F. Aldrich (R) | |||||||||
| 56th (1899–1901) |
Gaston A. Robbins (D) | John L. Burnett (D) | |||||||
| William F. Aldrich (R) | William Richardson (D) | ||||||||
| 57th (1901–1903) |
Ariosto A. Wiley (D) | Sydney J. Bowie (D) | C. W. Thompson (D) | ||||||
| 58th (1903–1905) | |||||||||
| J. Thomas Heflin (D) | |||||||||
| 59th (1905–1907) | |||||||||
| 60th (1907–1909) |
William Benjamin Craig (D) |
Richmond P. Hobson (D) | |||||||
| Oliver C. Wiley (D) | |||||||||
| 61st (1909–1911) |
S. Hubert Dent Jr. (D) | ||||||||
| 62nd (1911–1913) |
Fred L. Blackmon (D) | ||||||||
1913–1933: 10 seats
[edit]Following the 1910 census, Alabama was apportioned ten seats. At first, the extra seat was elected at-large. Starting with the 1916 elections, the seats were redistricted and a tenth district was added.
| Congress | District | At-large | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | ||
| 63rd (1913–1915) | George W. Taylor (D) |
S. Hubert Dent Jr. (D) |
Henry D. Clayton Jr. (D) |
Fred L. Blackmon (D) |
J. Thomas Heflin (D) |
Richmond P. Hobson (D) |
John L. Burnett (D) |
William Richardson (D) | Oscar Underwood (D) |
John Abercrombie (D) |
| William O. Mulkey (D) | C. C. Harris (D) | |||||||||
| 64th (1915–1917) | Oscar Lee Gray (D) |
Henry B. Steagall (D) |
William B. Oliver (D) |
Edward B. Almon (D) | George Huddleston (D) | |||||
| 65th (1917–1919) | 10th district | |||||||||
| William B. Bankhead (D) | ||||||||||
| 66th (1919–1921) | John McDuffie (D) | |||||||||
| William B. Bowling (D) |
Lilius B. Rainey (D) | |||||||||
| 67th (1921–1923) | John R. Tyson (D) |
Lamar Jeffers (D) | ||||||||
| 68th (1923–1925) | Miles C. Allgood (D) | |||||||||
| J. Lister Hill (D) | ||||||||||
| 69th (1925–1927) | ||||||||||
| 70th (1927–1929) | ||||||||||
| LaFayette L. Patterson (D) | ||||||||||
| 71st (1929–1931) | ||||||||||
| 72nd (1931–1933) | ||||||||||
1933–1963: 9 seats
[edit]Following the 1930 census, Alabama was apportioned nine seats.
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district | 4th district | 5th district | 6th district | 7th district | 8th district | 9th district |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 73rd (1933–1935) | John McDuffie (D) | J. Lister Hill (D) | Henry B. Steagall (D) |
Lamar Jeffers (D) | Miles C. Allgood (D) | William B. Oliver (D) |
William B. Bankhead (D) |
Archibald H. Carmichael (D) |
George Huddleston (D) |
| 74th (1935–1937) | Frank W. Boykin (D) |
Sam Hobbs (D) | Joe Starnes (D) | ||||||
| 75th (1937–1939) | Pete Jarman (D) | John Sparkman (D) |
Luther Patrick (D) | ||||||
| George M. Grant (D) | |||||||||
| 76th (1939–1941) | |||||||||
| Zadoc Weatherford (D) | |||||||||
| 77th (1941–1943) | Walter Bankhead (D) | ||||||||
| Carter Manasco (D) | |||||||||
| 78th (1943–1945) | George W. Andrews (D) |
John Newsome (D) | |||||||
| 79th (1945–1947) | Albert Rains (D) | Luther Patrick (D) | |||||||
| 80th (1947–1949) | Bob Jones (D) |
Laurie C. Battle (D) | |||||||
| 81st (1949–1951) | Edward deGraffenried (D) |
Carl Elliott (D) | |||||||
| 82nd (1951–1953) | Kenneth A. Roberts (D) | ||||||||
| 83rd (1953–1955) | Armistead I. Selden Jr. (D) | ||||||||
| 84th (1955–1957) | George Huddleston Jr. (D) | ||||||||
| 85th (1957–1959) | |||||||||
| 86th (1959–1961) | |||||||||
| 87th (1961–1963) |
1963–1973: 8 seats
[edit]Following the 1960 census, Alabama was apportioned eight seats. During the 88th Congress, those seats were all elected statewide at-large on a general ticket.
| Congress | 8 seats elected on a general ticket from Alabama's at-large district | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st seat | 2nd seat | 3rd seat | 4th seat | 5th seat | 6th seat | 7th seat | 8th seat | |
| 88th (1963–1965) | George Huddleston Jr. (D) |
George M. Grant (D) |
George Andrews (D) | Kenneth A. Roberts (D) |
Armistead I. Selden Jr. (D) |
Albert Rains (D) | Carl Elliott (D) | Bob Jones (D) |
| Congress | District | |||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | |
| 89th (1965–1967) | Jack Edwards (R) | Bill Dickinson (R) |
George Andrews (D) | Glenn Andrews (R) | Armistead I. Selden Jr. (D) |
John H. Buchanan Jr. (R) |
James D. Martin (R) | Bob Jones (D) |
| 90th (1967–1969) | Bill Nichols (D) | Tom Bevill (D) | ||||||
| 91st (1969–1971) | Walter Flowers (D) | |||||||
| 92nd (1971–1973) | ||||||||
| Elizabeth Andrews (D) | ||||||||
1973–present: 7 seats
[edit]Since the 1970 census, Alabama has been apportioned seven seats.
Key
[edit]| Democratic (D) |
| Democratic-Republican (DR) |
| Greenback (GB) |
| Jacksonian (J) |
| Know Nothing (KN) |
| National Republican (NR) |
| Nullifier (N) |
| Populist (Pop) |
| Republican (R) |
| Union (U) |
| Whig (W) |
See also
[edit]
- List of United States congressional districts
- Alabama's congressional districts
- Political party strength in Alabama
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b Seat was vacant due to failure of legislature to elect a senator by the beginning of the congress.
- ^ George S. Houston presented credentials as a senator-elect on February 9, 1866, but was not permitted to take his seat, Alabama having not been re-admitted to the Union.
- ^ The seat was vacant from August 8, 1913, to May 11, 1914. Henry D. Clayton was appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Joseph F. Johnston in 1913, but his appointment was challenged and withdrawn. Franklin Potts Glass Sr. was also appointed to the seat, but the U.S. Senate voted not to seat him.
- ^ a b c Supported the Jackson faction in the 1824 United States presidential election
- ^ Seat was contested by James Q. Smith and declared vacant; the original representative won back his own seat.
- ^ Successfully contested the election of the representative that was replaced.
References
[edit]- ^ "2022 Cook PVI: State Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ "Member Profiles". Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
- ^ "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 5, 2023.