Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706 – April 17, 1790) was an American
polymath: a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and
political philosopher. Among the most influential intellectuals of his time, Franklin was one of the
Founding Fathers of the United States; a
drafter and signer of the
Declaration of Independence; and the first
postmaster general. Franklin became a successful
newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia, the leading city in the colonies, publishing
The Pennsylvania Gazette at age 23. He became wealthy publishing this and
Poor Richard's Almanack, which he wrote under the pseudonym "Richard Saunders". As a scientist, his studies of electricity made him a major figure in the
American Enlightenment and the
history of physics. His inventions include the
lightning rod,
bifocals,
glass harmonica and the
Franklin stove. This 1778 portrait of Franklin was painted by
Joseph Duplessis.
Painting credit: Joseph Duplessis