Yamaha DX1

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DX1
Yamaha DX1
Manufacturer	Yamaha
Dates	1983[1] to 1985
Price	JP¥ 1,950,000[2] US$ 13,900[3]
Technical specifications
Polyphony	32 voices in single or split mode 16 voices in dual mode
Timbrality	Monotimbral Bitimbral in split mode
Oscillator	6 operators
LFO	1
Synthesis type	Digital frequency modulation
Filter	none
Attenuator	6 envelope generators
Aftertouch expression	Yes
Velocity expression	Yes
Storage memory	two sets of 4 banks of 8 voices (A and B channel, total 64), 8 banks of 8 performance combinations
Effects	none
Hardware	2x YM21280 (OPS) operator chip 2x YM21290 (ES) envelope generator
Input/output
Keyboard	DX-1: 73 with velocity and polyphonic aftertouch DX-5: 76 with velocity and channel aftertouch
Left-hand control	pitch-bend and modulation wheels
External control	MIDI

The Yamaha DX1 is the top-level member of Yamaha's prolific DX series of FM synthesizers.

The DX1 features two sets of the same synthesizer chipset used in the DX7, allowing either double the polyphony, split of two voices, or dual (layered) instrument voices. In addition, it contains twice the amount of voice memory as the DX7. It has an independent voice bank for each of two synth channels (engines). Each of 64 performance combinations can be assigned a single voice number, or a combination of two voice numbers - one from channel A and one from channel B.

Case^[4]

• handmade Brazilian rosewood case

Keyboard^[4]

• 73-key weighted wooden keyboard with polyphonic aftertouch

Algorithms

On the left side of the front panel, a printed algorithm chart provides an overview of the 32 selectable algorithms and their associated operator structuring.

Displays^[5][6][7]

Compared to both the DX5 and of course the DX7, accessibility and programmability are greatly enhanced by the sheer amount of displays:

Performance section

• a comprehensive backlit LCD display (40 × 2 characters) which displays selected programs in Single, Dual or Split mode, as well as LFO setting and other voice-specific parameters

Algorithm panel

• thirteen single-character 7-segment numeric displays for indicating (by means of 1, 2, 4, 6 displays in 4 consecutive rows, from top to bottom) the selected algorithm, by providing positions and relationships of all active operators, as each one of these displays is linked to neighboring ones via individual stripe-style LEDs
• one single-character 7-segment numeric display (top) showing amount of feedback
• one double-character 7-segment numeric display (bottom) showing algorithm number (as referenced by the chart)

Oscillator panel

• two individual LEDs for indicating either (top) frequency ratio or (bottom) fixed frequency in Hz mode
• one individual LED for indicating positive or negative detune
• one single-character 7-segment numeric display (top) for detune amount
• one four-character 7-segment numeric display (bottom) for value (ratio or exact frequency) of the selected frequency mode

Envelope panel

• two individual LEDs for indicating either (left) center pitch or (right) amplitude level mode
• eight double-character 7-segment numeric displays for showing each individual envelope parameter, from top to bottom: R1, R2, R3, R4 (=rates) and L1, L2, L3, L4 (=levels)
• four 16-segment bar-style LEDs that graphically display either rates (in center pitch mode) or levels (in amplitude mode)

Keyboard scaling panel

• eight individual LEDs indicating selected curve response
• three double-character 7-segment numeric displays showing (left to right) left depth, break point, right depth values
• one single-character 7-segment numeric display for showing rate scaling

Sensitivity panel

• two single-character 7-segment displays showing (top) key velocity and (bottom) amplitude modulation
• one double-character 7-segment display showing output level
• one 16-segment bar-style LED that graphically displays the output level

Buttons

• solid push-buttons as opposed to the membrane buttons on the DX7, many of them containing individual LEDs for indicating statuses^[8]

Only 140 DX1 units were produced.^[4] It was used by artists including New Order, such as their tracks "True Faith" and "1963".^[9]

It was also used for Dire Straits Brothers In Arms album.

The Yamaha DX5 is a derivative of the DX1, introduced in 1985 with a list price of US$3,495. It has the same synth engine, but lacks the DX1's fully weighted keys, polyphonic aftertouch, aesthetics (rosewood case and wooden keyboard), and user interface features (parameter displays). It includes 76 keys with channel aftertouch and slightly improved MIDI features. Programming on a DX1 is still a little easier than on a DX5 because of its extensive parameter displays, but in general both are easier to program than a DX7, because they have larger displays as well as dedicated buttons for some programming tasks.

• "[Chapter 2] FM Tone Generators and the Dawn of Home Music Production". Yamaha Synth 40th Anniversary - History. Yamaha Corporation. 2014. Archived from the original on 23 October 2014.

  The development outline of Yamaha FM sound synthesizer; especially, the prototypes of GS1 (TRX-100), DX series (PAMS: Programmable Algorithm Music Synthesizer), DX1 (prototype DX1), and these tentative programming interfaces are seen.

• Yamaha DX1 Worldwide Information Center