| Zoca Flank Battery | |
|---|---|
| Part of Fortifications of Gibraltar | |
| Gibraltar | |
 Zoca Flank - Line Wall - North of Commercial Square by George Washington Wilson c. 1890 | |
  Zoca Flank Battery | |
| Coordinates | 36°08′30″N 5°21′18″W / 36.141607°N 5.354902°W |
| Type | Artillery Battery |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Ministry of Defence |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1879 |
Zoca Flank Battery is an artillery battery on the west side of the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar.
Name
[edit]The unusual name of the battery comes from the Moorish name for a market place, soko. The area around the battery was used as a meat market until the complaints about the smell made it necessary to stop butchery at this location. The rest of the market persisted and Market Lane records this use.[1]
History
[edit]
Zoca was originally a small bastion between the two larger Orange and King's Bastions. This had been the site of a fortification since Gibraltar's Moorish period when there was a tower here on the old Moorish city wall. In 1627 when Gibraltar was under Spanish control, the tower was reduced and by the time of the Great Siege (1779-1783) it had become a broad platform incorporating an artillery battery. Its Spanish-era appearance is shown in a 1627 drawing by Luis Bravo de Acuna, and John Drinkwater depicts its rebuilt form in his contemporary account of the Great Siege.[2]
During construction of the battery the line of defence was moved from the Line Wall Curtain to Prince Albert's Front. Today an underground garage has been constructed in the gap but visitors can still see the remains of the original round tower.[3]
The battery was upgraded between 1877–79 with the installation, at a cost of £4,095, of a 12.5 inch rifled muzzle-loading (RML) gun installed in a casemate built on top of the platform. The gun was protected by an iron shield known as a "Gibraltar Shield", like two similar RML guns on King's Bastion and Wellington Front.[2][4]
During World War 2 the Anti-Aircraft Searchlight at King's Bastion was moved here, there was also a Gun Laying Radar installed.
The Catholic Community Centre was built on top of the battery in 1969 after Charles Caruana raised funds for its construction via the Gibraltar International Song Festival.[5] Although the battery itself remained intact, the 12.5 inch gun was removed from its mounting and relocated to a nearby position on the ground.[2] In 2010 plans to demolish the community centre and expose the battery were announced. The news was welcomed by the Gibraltar Heritage Trust.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ Caruana, Joe (2011). When the Hangman Came. Authorhouse. p. 9. ISBN 978-1456778668.
- ^ a b c Hughes, Quentin; Migos, Athanassios (1995). Strong as the Rock of Gibraltar. Exchange Publications. p. 385.
- ^ Fa; Finlayson (2006). The Fortifications of Gibraltar 1068-1945. Osprey Publishing. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-84603-016-1. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
- ^ Crone, Jim. "Prince Albert's Front, Zoca Flank Battery". Discover Gibraltar. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- ^ "History". Gibraltar International Song Festival. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
- ^ "Catholic Community centre to be knocked down". Panorama. 6 May 2010. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
