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![]() | This article has previously been nominated to be moved. Please review the prior discussions if you are considering re-nomination.
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The result of the move request was: not moved. per discussion consensus. As a virologist, I personally would have been inclined towards the more neutral titles per WHO conventions. But to allow such feelings to interfere with closing this discussion would be a WP:SUPERVOTE. Per wikipedia policy, I am bound to close this in favor of the consensus built here, without interference of my personal opinions. And in this case, the discussion consensus is in favor of keeping the current name per WP:COMMONNAME, WP:RECOGNIZABILITY, and WP:RIGHTGREATWRONGS. These were the arguments most convincing to naive participants and those weighing the policies, particularities, etc. So it goes, my friends. We are not here to "correct" history or make it more palatable, but to call spades spades. I also would like to gently remind User: Nabbovirus to avoid WP:BLUDGEONing discussions, as it often has the opposite effect of what is intended. WP:WALLOFTEXT often pushes people away from your position, not towards it, regardless of how meritorious the argument actually is. (closed by non-admin page mover) — Shibbolethink (♔ ♕) 19:37, 27 November 2022 (UTC)
Spanish flu → 1918 flu pandemic – Previous RM was opposed primarily on the basis on WP:COMMONNAME. However, I have looked at that guideline and it says Ambiguous or inaccurate names for the article subject, as determined in reliable sources, are often avoided even though they may be more frequently used by reliable sources
and later When there are multiple names for a subject, all of which are fairly common, and the most common has problems, it is perfectly reasonable to choose one of the others
. "Spanish flu" is a misnomer (as mentioned in the first sentence of the article) so on the basis of WP:COMMONNAME, the article should NOT be titled "Spanish flu", but rather another common name e.g. "1918 flu pandemic". --TedEdwards 13:09, 20 November 2022 (UTC)
ambiguous or inaccurate. It is certainly not ambiguous, and it is only "inaccurate" insofar it did not originate in Spain. Neither did Arabic numerals originate in Arabia, nor did Chinese whispers originate in China. As far as RM nominating statements for this article go, that one was rather deprived of substantial arguments in favor of the move. No such user (talk) 12:08, 21 November 2022 (UTC)
we all can easily see your good faith point of view, but in my previous message I made two points I had not made before, and you've addressed neither. --TedEdwards 18:01, 22 November 2022 (UTC)
A name like "1918 influenza pandemic" is also more "consistent with the pattern of similar articles' titles." It should first be noted that, when it comes to the articles related to the five most recent pandemics historically attributed to novel influenza (1889, 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009), three of their titles follow a more "common-name" convention ("Spanish flu", "Hong Kong flu", "2009 swine flu pandemic"), while two depart from this convention ("1889–1890 pandemic", "1957–1958 influenza pandemic"). In the case of 1889, other concerns evidently took precedent over using the common name of that pandemic and its causative agent. In the case of 1957, there was strikingly little discussion regarding the use of "Asian flu" as a common name for that pandemic; rather, it was seemingly agreed upon, with relatively little discussion, that in fact some variation of "1957 influenza pandemic" is the common name, despite the fact that the name "Asian influenza" was the overwhelmingly preferred name by many, including the United States Public Health Service.[7][8] If there is any rebuttal specifically having to do with consistency, I would hope it takes into consideration the above inconsistencies. However, more broadly speaking, a format such as "1918 influenza pandemic" seems to be more consistent with the titles of other articles related to infectious disease outbreaks, such as those listed under the various "X-century epidemics" Categories. Relatedly, consistency in titling is facilitated by "topic-specific naming conventions". Accordingly, the MoS guidelines regarding Medicine-related articles state that "[t]he article title should be the scientific or recognised medical name that is most commonly used in recent, high-quality, English-language medical sources, rather than a lay term (unscientific or slang name) or an historical eponym that has been superseded." "Spanish flu" has not necessarily been superseded by any other particular name, but there is an argument to be made that it is being increasingly challenged in the literature, and by institutions such as the World Health Organization (one example of an "international standard" considered helpful in the MoS), by alternative variations of "1918–19/20 flu/influenza pandemic"; the article itself notes this development. With respect to authorities, professionals, and experts, I believe there is just cause to question just how common "Spanish flu" is in their writing.
I think it is also relevant to note, with respect to the terminology used within medical sources, that "Spanish flu" could not so easily be said to be "common" within the literature at even the time of the pandemic. First, again, let it be noted that to the extent the term was used, it referred to the pandemic disease, not the pandemic itself. The United States Public Health Service, in its Public Health Reports, and Surgeon General Blue would generally, at most, refer to "the so-called 'Spanish influenza'" or simply "'Spanish influenza'", but still in quotes. Besides the first PHR to address the "reported pandemic of influenza in various European countries", issued 13 September 1918,[9] PHS only ever referred to the disease as "epidemic influenza" during the course of the main epidemic in reports from 4 October[10] to 29 November,[11] before reports of a "recrudescence" began to appear. US health officials writing in the years following the pandemic, such as Vaughan,[12] Jordan,[13][14][15][16] and Collins,[17][18][19] quite consistently referred to "epidemic influenza" or "pandemic influenza", described the outbreak as "the epidemic of 1918" or "the pandemic of 1918", or some variation thereof; similar to the case of PHS at large, the term "Spanish influenza", or any other colloquial name for it, tended only to appear in quotes. In his 16 August 1919 report,[20] Frost never uses the name "Spanish influenza"; in their entire 1919 "Studies on Epidemic Influenza",[21] the members of the faculty of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine use the name only once, in quotes; in its 1920 report,[22] the UK Ministry of Health recount "the pandemic of influenza, 1918–1919", also using "Spanish flu" just once, in quotes; and in various articles appearing in The Lancet beginning in 1918,[23][24][25][26][27] the name "Spanish influenza" is repeatedly eschewed. This is not to say that the name did not appear in medical journals from this time nor that health officials universally avoided it. However, I believe the evidence suggests that "Spanish influenza" was more commonly a colloquial term than one that experts were apt to use in a serious way. As this article from The New York Times, published 22 September 1918, indicates, it was not some widespread misconception that the disease originated in Spain. The name was more the result of political circumstance than any prevalent misunderstanding among experts.
Finally, before I continue to address the other three criteria, I would put forward the fact that there are some notable divergences from the "common name" even within the more "pop science" sphere. Three major histories of the pandemic specifically forgo the name in their titles: A Cruel Wind: Pandemic Flu in America 1918–1920 by Petit, America's Forgotten Pandemic: The Influenza of 1918 by Crosby, and The Great Influenza by Barry. This implies a class of laypeople who are familiar with the historical event of the 1918 pandemic but who may not necessarily associate it with that name.
This brings me to the other three criteria. First, with respect to recognizability, I would argue that neither name has a leg-up over the other; they are comparably recognizable. The criterion specifically states that "[t]he title is a name or description of the subject that someone familiar with, although not necessarily an expert in, the subject area will recognize." We might imagine such a person would have read such popular histories as the ones listed above. I argue that anyone "familiar with, although not necessarily an expert in," the pandemic would know that it began in 1918. Thus, nothing would be lost by making this move. To whatever extent that more people have "heard of" the Spanish flu than have "heard of" a "1918 influenza pandemic", this is irrelevant; such people are not considered when it comes to recognizability.
With respect to concision, I would argue that "1918 influenza pandemic" is as equally concise as "Spanish flu". The former may be literally longer than the latter, but both titles are "no longer than necessary to identify the article's subject and distinguish it from other subjects." If anything, it could be argued that "Spanish flu" is too concise itself, because it arguably does not accurately represent the article's subject, which is the pandemic as a whole. In any case, again, at least nothing would be lost with respect to this criterion.
Finally, with respect to naturalness, I will concede that it is likely that "Spanish flu" is the "one that readers are likely to look or search for", given simply its popularity. However, what name "editors would naturally use to link to the article from other articles" seems more complicated a question, as evidenced by the diversity of opinion here. It could be argued that what "ought" to be the case is that, in the case of Talk-page disagreement, editors would default to the current title whenever linking from other articles, but this is by no means, to my understanding, mandatory. The MoS article on Linking states that "[t]he link target and the link label do not have to match exactly, but the link must be as intuitive as possible...". With respect to "Intuitiveness", the article states, "Per the principle of least astonishment, make sure that the reader knows what to expect when clicking on a link." I genuinely do not believe that any astonishment would result from a user clicking on a link labeled "1918 influenza pandemic" and being redirected to the "Spanish flu" article. Who, then, can say what exactly "editors... naturally use to link to [an] article from other articles"? For these reasons, I believe there is just cause to question how well the title "Spanish flu" adheres to this criterion, in addition to a title like "1918 influenza pandemic".
Finally finally, I believe an argument can be made with respect to certain aspects of neutrality. The article on this subject says that all content "must be written from a neutral point of view (NPOV)". Now, there are certainly times when other considerations can take precedent over strict neutrality in the case of article titles; to cut to the chase, I will concede that this can be the case. Nevertheless, in the FAQ article on NPOV, a subsection is dedicated to the question, "English Wikipedia seems to have an Anglo-American focus. Is this contrary to NPOV?", and the answer, unequivocally, is, "Yes, it is, especially when dealing with articles that require an international perspective." It need not be pointed out that the 1918 pandemic was a global event. Just as the article eschews the narrative, however popular, that the pandemic consisted of precisely three waves between the spring of 1918 and the spring of 1919[28][29][30] (incidentally, the typical end of the flu season in the northern hemisphere) and, rather, seeks to encompass a pandemic period that persisted into 1920, I believe "Spanish flu" should be similarly avoided due to its more Anglo-American focus. "Spanish flu" was by no means the only appellation attached to the disease, as the article lays out. The various names reflect the political and cultural sensibilities of the time just as much as "Spanish flu" does, only they were used among groups that were, by happenstance, not in the political sphere or did not share the political sensibilities as those who used the term "Spanish flu". The article itself notes that the name "remains controversial" in Spain; the CBC describes it as a continued "source of irritation".[31] The NYT article linked above similarly notes how, at the time of the first epidemic, the name was "disclaimed" by the Spanish people, who sooner placed the blame for the disease on Germany. I think it's telling, as well, that the title of the article on the Spanish-language Wikipedia is "Pandemia de gripe de 1918" ("1918 flu pandemic"). As the NPOV article states, "Wikipedia describes disputes. Wikipedia does not engage in disputes." At what point does a "dispute" become settled? It could be argued that, at this point, "Spanish flu" is so far removed from its political and social context that to use the term is not to engage in any dispute over what it should be called. However, the naming of infectious diseases is perennially relevant, and, if the CBC article above is to be trusted, the naming of the 1918 pandemic disease remains a contentious issue specifically in one not insignificant place. For as long as there are those who believe that this issue is worth talking about, it will remain a dispute in which Wikipedia need not engage in. Why not remove the encyclopedia from the debate altogether by simply using a title like "1918 influenza pandemic"? Again, it could be argued that, at this point, to make the move for this reason is to take a position in the dispute — that "Spanish flu" is "problematic" —-- but this is simply unfair; it is practically an unfalsifiable claim. This is a matter of neutrality, plain and simple, and one name is clearly more neutral than the other. By the same token, the fact that the encyclopedia uses terms like "SARS-CoV-2" and "COVID-19" in the context of the current pandemic, rather than ones like "China virus", is no indication that its editors operate on behalf of WHO, which coined these terms, or even that they deny that the disease likely originated within China. It is simply a matter of neutrality, and it is better to preclude even the possibility of debate by opting for more neutral language.
To summarize, the two arguments in favor of a title like "1918 influenza pandemic" are that it better adheres to the five criteria of a "good title", in particular with respect to precision and consistency (and arguably concision as well), and that it is more neutral (less Anglo-American-centric, more considerate of the global experience of a global event, avoids even the appearance of wading into a dispute). In particular, I would be interested in a response to the contention that "Spanish flu" is arguably not a common name for the pandemic but rather only the disease. The notion that "Spanish flu" refers to the event as a whole and not just the causative disease is one that has persisted and been defended time and time again on this Talk page, but the evidence does not seem to encompass much more than frequency of usage, other than the observation that there is, apparently, "no clear consensus in dictionary definitions". If WP:COMMONNAME is the most persuasive argument in favor of using the term "Spanish flu", I believe it becomes incumbent upon those making it either to present evidence demonstrating its usage to refer to the pandemic as a whole or else to apply the argument in favor of a title like "Spanish flu pandemic". In any case, the issues described above demonstrate that a name like "Spanish flu" has its problems. As has been laid out above, WP:COMMONNAME also states, "When there are multiple names for a subject, all of which are fairly common, and the most common has problems, it is perfectly reasonable to choose one of the others." I therefore argue that "it is perfectly reasonable" to consider a title that is not "Spanish flu", and I put forward a title like "1918 influenza pandemic" as one that is also common but that avoids the "problems" associated with one like "Spanish flu". Nabbovirus (talk) 04:23, 26 November 2022 (UTC)
I really think that the ñame "Spanish Flu" should not be used after the NAMES section. That was a name created by propagandists and shouldn't have any place on wiki. of course, you have to use it at the beginning of the article because many people call it that, but it shouldn't be used at all after that unless in a citation. Spiel (talk) 07:16, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 15 January 2024 and 8 May 2024. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Ch1no411 (article contribs).
— Assignment last updated by Sun Snow Bear (talk) 09:24, 6 May 2024 (UTC)
Can we change the name of this article to the "1918 pandemic"? Briaboru (talk) 07:20, 17 June 2024 (UTC)